ArmAssist Robotic System versus Matched Conventional Therapy for Poststroke Upper Limb Rehabilitation: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Table 3

Changes in outcome measures from the period before to the period after the treatment.

Outcome measure	AA group	Control group
FMA-UE^1	18.0 ± 9.4	7.5 ± 5.5	0.002	1.909
FMA-UE^1 shoulder/elbow	9.1 ± 6.3	3.4 ± 2.6	0.006	2.192
WMFT-FAS^1	14.1 ± 7.9	6.7 ± 7.8	0.025	0.949
WMFT-FAS^1 shoulder/elbow	6.7 ± 7.8	3.2 ± 2.7	0.010	1.185
BI^1	21.2 ± 24.8	13.1 ± 10.7	0.292	—

FMA-UE: Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity. WMFT: Wolf Motor Function Test. BI: Barthel Index. Effect size Cohen’s (<0.2 small; 0.2–0.8 medium; and >0.8 large). ¹Mean ± standard deviation. Statistically significant ().