Review Article
Drinking Water Quality Status and Contamination in Pakistan
Table 2
Physicochemical and biological parameters of drinking water quality of twin cities.
| Islamabad and Rawalpindi | Total | Percentage of samples contaminated | References | pH | EC | TDS | Turbidity | Hardness | Physicochemical values | Total coliform | Fecal coliform | E. coli | Bacteriological values |
| Islamabad (Isd.) | 271 | — | — | — | — | — | 10.3 | — | — | — | 77 | [13] | CDA (Isd.) | 196 | — | — | — | — | — | 3.6 | — | — | — | 5.1 | [13] | F-10, G-6, G-10, H-9, I-9, Dhok Kala khan, commercial market, New Mirpur, Pindora, Dhoke Ratta | 10 | — | — | 4 | — | 4 | — | Present | Present | Present | — | [14] | Islamabad & Rawalpindi | 22 | — | — | — | — | — | 46 | — | — | — | — | [15] | Islamabad & Rawalpindi | 130 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Present | Present | Present | — | [16] | Islamabad | 55 | — | — | — | — | — | 14.5 | Present | Present | Present | — | [17] | Islamabad | 32 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Present | Present | Present | — | [18] |
|
|
Number of sampling areas.
|