In-Hospital Outcomes and Long-Term Follow-Up after Percutaneous Transcatheter Closure of Postinfarction Ventricular Septal Defects

Figure 1

Posteroanterior projection of fluoroscopy images of percutaneous postinfarction ventricular septal defect (VSD) closure. (a) Right ventriculogram showed contrast passing to the left ventricle through an apical VSD. (b) The guidewire was advanced into the pulmonary artery or the superior vena cava, captured using a snare, and exteriorized at the right internal jugular vein for establishing an arterial-venous circuit. (c) The left ventricular disc of a 24 mm muscular VSD device (AGA Medical Corporation, Plymouth, MN, USA) deployed through a 12 F shuttle sheath. (d) Amplatzer muscular VSD occluder.

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