Exploring the Concept of Degrees of Maternal Morbidity as a Tool for Surveillance of Maternal Health in Latin American and Caribbean Settings
Table 4
Crude (PR) and adjusted (APR) estimated risks of potentially life-threatening condition (PLTC) and of less severe maternal morbidity (LSMM) according to some maternal and obstetric characteristics. CLAP 2009–2012.
Characteristics
No morbidity
PLTC
PR (95% CI)
APR (95% CI)
LSMM
PR (95% CI)
APR (95% CI)
Maternal age (years)
10–19
108,907
25468
1.03 [0.92–1.15]
1.05 [0.93–1.19]
35482
1.04 [0.97–1.11]
1.10 [1.02–1.18]
20–24
128,968
29098
Ref.
Ref.
40029
Ref.
Ref.
25–29
96,493
24018
1.08 [1.00–1.18]
1.05 [1.02–1.08]
28105
0.95 [0.85–1.07]
0.93 [0.89–0.97]
30–34
64,458
18924
1.23 [1.06–1.43]
1.12 [1.05–1.18]
19737
0.99 [0.89–1.10]
0.92 [0.85–0.99]
35–55
40,585
12150
1.25 [1.11–1.42]
1.18 [1.10–1.26]
13714
1.07 [0.94–1.21]
1.00 [0.95–1.06]
Ethnicity/skin colour
White
91,116
48,646
Ref.
Ref.
38,882
Ref.
Ref.
Mixed
298,612
48,499
0.40 [0.17–0.94]
0.44 [0.19–1.01]
75,497
0.67 [0.40–1.15]
0.57 [0.41–0.78]
Others
19,328
5,790
0.66 [0.39–1.12]
0.83 [0.54–1.27]
15,303
1.48 [0.97–2.25]
0.99 [0.67–1.47]
Literacy
No or primary
203,185
40,699
0.71 [0.50–1.02]
0.83 [0.74–0.94]
48,548
0.69 [0.45–1.05]
0.90 [0.74–1.09]
Secondary or university
217,307
66,638
Ref.
Ref.
84,547
Ref.
Ref.
Marital status
Married + stable part
364,380
89,465
Ref.
Ref.
110,699
Ref.
Ref.
Single + other
56,037
17,616
1.21 [0.99–1.48]
1.04 [0.93–1.15]
22,171
1.22 [0.97–1.53]
1.10 [1.00–1.22]
Parity
Nullipara
153,659
43,923
1.20 [1.09–1.33]
1.14 [1.06–1.23]
56,559
1.16 [1.04–1.30]
0.95 [0.80–1.13]
Multipara
250,299
56,737
Ref.
Ref.
75,554
Ref.
Ref.
Any previous condition
Yes
14,493
8,723
1.93 [1.29–2.90]
1.43 [1.09–1.87]
8,834
2.36 [1.55–3.58]
1.52 [1.35–1.72]
No
398,396
96,144
Ref.
Ref.
76,313
Ref.
Ref.
Number of prenatal care visits
0
30,445
6,820
0.78 [0.31–1.99]
0.99 [0.66–1.50]
9,831
0.95 [0.56–1.60]
0.76 [0.61–0.95]
1–4
115,059
22,285
0.69 [0.39–1.22]
0.87 [0.73–1.02]
35,221
0.91 [0.71–1.17]
0.92 [0.79–1.06]
>4
252,273
77,050
Ref.
Ref.
87,566
Ref.
Ref.
Smoking, drugs, alcohol, or violence
Yes
30,559
17,576
1.76 [0.84–3.72]
1.01 [0.89–1.14]
14,097
2.19 [1.37–3.50]
1.28 [1.15–1.42]
No
288,779
75,450
Ref.
Ref.
48,689
Ref.
Ref.
Previous C-section
Yes
50,662
8,748
0.68 [0.57–0.82]
0.76 [0.68–0.85]
19,847
1.09 [0.97–1.21]
0.89 [0.80–1.00]
No
303,471
83,961
Ref.
Ref.
106,305
Ref.
Ref.
Onset of labour
Spontaneous
340,966
87,326
Ref.
Ref.
97,812
Ref.
Ref.
Induced
20,578
10,826
1.69 [1.34–2.13]
1.13 [0.87–1.47]
9,894
1.46 [1.25–1.69]
1.39 [1.12–1.73]
Elective C-section
50,673
9,082
0.75 [0.47–1.18]
0.66 [0.46–0.94]
24,656
1.47 [1.16–1.86]
1.33 [1.12–1.58]
Mode of delivery
C-section
123,423
27,657
0.88 [0.66–1.18]
0.83 [0.68–1.02]
50,768
1.35 [1.12–1.62]
1.16 [1.05–1.28]
Vaginal (any)
310,183
81,745
Ref.
Ref.
85,770
Ref.
Ref.
Total
441,441
110,038
137,589
Missing information for a: 0.4%; b: 6.9%; c: 4.1%; d: 4.2%; e: 7.6%; f: 12.4%; g: 7.6%; h: 31.1%; i: 16.8%; j: 5.4%; k: 1.4% of cases; APR: adjusted prevalence ratio (adjusted for cluster effect and all other predictors); LSMM: less severe maternal morbidity; PLTC: potentially life-threatening condition.
