Physical global score increased 2.1% in TG and decreased 1.2% in CG.
Psychosocial global score improved in EG (2.5%) compared to CG (0.3%).
There were no changes in CES-D scores.
Correlation between increases in upper body strength and improvements in physical global score (; ) and psychosocial global score (; ). Increases in lean mass correlated with improvements in physical global score (; ) and psychosocial global score (; ).
There were no differences in body composition between groups.
EG had greater improvements in self-reported severity of lymphedema symptoms and muscle strength and a lower incidence of lymphedema exacerbations (14% versus 29%) in comparison to CG.
No between-group differences were observed in clinician-defined lymphedema onset or symptoms in secondary analysis limited to women with 5 or more nodes removed.
EG (also took medications) and CG (only took medications)
24 months
Bone mineral density and bone turnover (DXA)
Hip and knee muscular strength (Biodex)
EG and CG improved body mineral density and bone turnover. EG had no additional improvements.
EG improved muscle strength.
EG, experimental group. CG, control group. 1 RM, one-repetition maximum. DXA, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. CARES, cancer rehabilitation evaluation system. CES-D, center for epidemiologic studies depression scale. BCS, breast cancer survivors. ITG, immediate treatment group trained from months 0 to 12. DTG, delayed treatment group serving as control from 0 to 6 months and trained from months 7 to 12. FACIT, Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy. FACT-G, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General.