Diagnostic Value of CK-18, FGF-21, and Related Biomarker Panel in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Major characteristics of the studies included in the meta-analysis.

Number	Study (year)	Country	Study design	Number of; cases	Age, y; (SD)	Gender (M/F)	Methods	Biomarkers
1	Wieckowska et al. [11] (2006)	USA	Cross-sectional	39	50.8 (11.1)	18/21	ELISA	CK-18 (M30)
2	Yilmaz et al. [12] (2007)	Turkey	Cross-sectional	83	48.9 (9.1)	45/38	ELISA	CK-18 (M30 & M65)
3	Diab et al. [13] (2008)	USA	Cross-sectional	86	48.0 (11.1)	38/48	ELISA	CK-18 (M30)
4	Feldstein et al. [14] (2009)	USA	Cross-sectional	139	48.0 (1.9)	51/88	ELISA	CK-18 (M30)
5	Papatheodridis et al. [15] (2010)	Greece	Cross-sectional	58	48.0 (13.0)	32/17	ELISA	CK-18 (M30)
6	Musso et al. [16] (2010)	Italy	Cross-sectional	125	46.0 (4.0)	89/36	ELISA	CK-18 (M30)
7	Malik et al. [17] (2009)	USA	Cross-sectional	95	48.0 (5.3)	58/37	ELISA	CK-18-M30
8	Shen et al. [18] (2012)	China	Cross-sectional	147	47.7 (9.7)	121/99	ELISA	CK-18 (M30 & M65)
9	Joka et al. [19] (2012)	Germany	Cross-sectional	22	45.6 (3.3)	15/7	ELISA	CK-18 (M30 & M65)
10	Younossi et al. [20]; (2008)	USA	Cross-sectional	69	41.6 (10.6)	23/46	ELISA	Combined biomarker panel
11	Younossi et al. [21] (2011)	USA	Cross-sectional	79	42.3 (10.3)	18/61	ELISA	Combined biomarker panel
12	Pirvulescu et al. [22] (2012)	Romania	Cross-sectional	60	44.9 (9.4)	18/42	ELISA	Combined biomarker panel
13	Grigorescu et al. [23] (2012)	Romania	Cross-sectional	79	43.7 (11.1)	56/23	ELISA	Combined biomarker panel
14	Shen et al. [24] (2012)	China	Cross-sectional	220	48.1 (9.7)	121/99	ELISA	Combined biomarker panel
15	Yilmaz and Eren [25] (2012)	Turkey	Cross-sectional	136	48.8 (7.5)	70/66	ELISA	Combined biomarker panel
16	Yang et al. [26] (2015)	China	Cross-sectional	270	30.3 (12.7)	128/142	ELISA	Combined biomarker panel
17	Yilmaz et al. [27] (2010)	Turkey	Cross-sectional	159	47.0 (8.0)	71/88	ELISA	FGF-21
18	Li et al. [28] (2010)	China	Cross-sectional	348	43.5 (11.1)	212/136	ELISA	FGF-21
19	Dushay et al. [29] (2010)	Spain	Cross-sectional	21	31 (10.0)	7/14	ELISA	FGF-21
20	Dasarathy et al. [30] (2011)	USA	Cross-sectional	26	43.3 (7.0)	13/13	ELISA	FGF-21
21	Reinehr et al. [31] (2012)	USA	Cross-sectional	60	12.0 (1.4)	30/30	ELISA	FGF-21
22	Li et al. [32] (2013)	China	Cross-sectional	712	51.4 (12.9)	278/434	ELISA	FGF-21
23	Shen Y et al. [33] (2013)	China	Cross-sectional	74	63.9 (8.6)	39/35	ELISA	FGF-21
24	Giannini et al. [34] (2013)	USA	Cross-sectional	217	15.0 (0.4)	91/126	ELISA	FGF-21
25	Alisi et al. [35] (2013)	Italy	Cross-sectional	107	10.5 (4.8)	41/66	ELISA	FGF-21

SD, standard deviation. M, male. F, female.