The Effects of Ex Vivo Administration of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor and Endotoxin on Cytokine Release of Whole Blood Are Determined by Priming Conditions

Figure 1

(a) TNF production in whole blood from 40 healthy volunteers after 3 hours of incubation with different LPS concentrations. Data are presented as means ± SEM. = significant increase versus preceding concentration. (b) TNF production over time in whole blood from 40 healthy volunteers after incubation with 500 pg/ml LPS. Data are presented as means ± SEM. = significant increase versus preceding concentration. (c) IL-8 production over time in whole blood from 40 healthy volunteers after incubation with 50 ng/mL fMLP. Data are presented as means ± SEM. = significant increase versus preceding concentration.

(a)

(b)

(c)