Anti-Platelet Factor 4/Heparin Antibody Formation Occurs Endogenously and at Unexpected High Frequency in Polycythemia Vera

Table 1

Reports of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in myeloproliferative neoplasms. Three case series with more than one patient and nine single cases of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) in polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) have been reported. Number of patients, manifestation of thrombosis, and diagnostic work-up of anti-PF4/heparin antibodies are indicated. PE: pulmonary embolism, DVT: deep vein thrombosis, SVT: sinusoidal vein thrombosis, TIA: transitory ischemic attack, PF4: platelet factor 4, Ab: antibody, ELISA: enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, PAT: platelet aggregation testing, HIPA: heparin-induced platelet aggregation, SRA: serotonin release assay, PaGIA: platelet factor 4/heparin-particle gel immunoassay, and HemosIL-HIT: automated rapid testing for platelet factor 4/heparin antibodies.

	Report	MPN type	Patients ()	Thrombosis type ()	PF4/heparin Ab testing ()	Test type	Ab isotype testing
Case series	Bovet et al., 2016	ET	2	Stroke (2)	2	ELISA, PAT	−
	Randi et al., 2010	PV	2	PE (2)	1	ELISA, HIPA	+
		ET	3	PE (3)	1		+
	Spectre et al., 2008	PV	2	Catheter-associated (1), PE (1), skin necrosis (1)	2	PaGIA	−
		ET	1		1		−
Single cases	Biagioni et al., 2013	PV	1	Budd-Chiari (1)	1	HemosIL-HIT	−
	Akoum et al., 2009	PV	1	Budd-Chiari (1)	1	ELISA	−
	Hayashi et al., 2004	PV	1	PE	1	ELISA	−
	Garcia et al., 1991	PV	1	DVT, PE (1)	1	PAT	−
	Kyritsis et al., 1990	PV	1	Thrombophlebitis (1)	1	HIPA, SRA	−
	Murawaki et al., 2012	ET	1	Stroke (1)	1	ELISA	−
	Richard et al., 2011	ET	1	SVT (1)	1	ELISA	+
	Lapecorella et al., 2010	ET	1	DVT, PE (1)	1	ELISA	−
	Houston, 2000	ET	1	Axillary DVT (1)	1	SRA	−
	Risch et al., 2000	ET	1	TIA (1)	1	ELISA	−
	Walther et al., 1996	ET	1	SVT (1)	—	—	−