Relationship between High Temperature and Formation of Chalkiness and Their Effects on Quality of Rice

Figure 1

Principal environmental causal factors and the mechanism pathways of the chalkiness formation in rice. Up arrows designate upregulation of the starch synthase genes and down arrows designate downregulation of synthase starch genes. Yellow box constituted the causal factor of the chalkiness formation, the purple boxes are the major physiological processes involved in endosperm formation, the light blue represents the regulatory pathways resulting in chalkiness formation, and red box is chalkiness formation. Source: Chen et al. [25].