Protective Effects of Benzoic Acid, Bacillus Coagulans, and Oregano Oil on Intestinal Injury Caused by Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in Weaned Piglets

Table 5

Effects of dietary benzoic acid, bacillus coagulans, and oregano oil combined supplementation on serum TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 concentrations of piglets challenged with Escherichia coli.

Items	CON	ETEC	AT	AB	AO	ABO	SEM	P1	P2^†
TNF-α (ng/L)	203.49	223.45	203.55	194.23	195.30	183.46	3.67	0.001	0.036
IL-1β (ng/L)	11.30	19.82	17.99	17.09	14.19	12.39	0.70	0.002	0.001
IL-6 (ng/L)	67.56	77.93	74.40	73.16	72.50	70.12	1.32	0.133	0.395
IL-10 (pg/ml)	190.65	172.85	175.69	175.70	187.02	192.44	4.61	0.348	0.623

TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-1β: interleukin-1β; IL-6: interleukin-6; IL-10: interleukin-10.
^#Significantly different from CON group (p< 0.05). In the same row, different superscript letters show significant difference among ETEC-challenged groups (p < 0.05).
P1 was used to determine the response to ETEC challenge, CON v. ETEC.
^†P2 was used to determine the response to benzoic acid, bacillus coagulans, and oregano oil combined supplementation among ETEC-challenged piglets.