Protective Effects of Benzoic Acid, Bacillus Coagulans, and Oregano Oil on Intestinal Injury Caused by Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in Weaned Piglets

Table 9

Effects of dietary benzoic acid, bacillus coagulans and oregano oil combined supplementation on mRNA expression of TLR4 and NODs and their downstream signaling molecules in jejunal mucosa of weaned piglets challenged with Escherichia coli.

Items	CON	ETEC	AT	AB	AO	ABO	SEM	P1	P2^†
TLR4	1.00	2.52	2.00	1.64	1.86	1.49	0.15	0.047	0.331
CD14	1.00	1.63	1.51	1.48	1.49	1.57	0.15	0.116	0.999
MYD88	1.00	1.55	1.45	1.27	1.31	1.06	0.06	0.008	0.120
TRIF	1.00	0.92	1.04	0.96	1.06	0.89	0.06	0.769	0.863
IRAK1	1.00	1.30	1.10	0.96	0.93	0.85	0.05	0.157	0.098
TRAF6	1.00	1.23	1.20	1.00	1.02	1.00	0.04	0.053	0.280
P38MAPK	1.00	1.52	1.46	1.04	1.17	1.02	0.06	0.050	0.049
NF-κBp65	1.00	1.46	1.20	1.14	1.03	1.06	0.05	0.020	0.099
IL-1β	1.00	1.48	0.94	0.90	1.11	0.93	0.10	0.354	0.466
TNF-α	1.00	1.43	0.92	1.08	1.29	0.80	0.08	0.221	0.121
NOD1	1.00	1.02	0.92	0.82	0.86	0.63	0.07	0.961	0.470
NOD2	1.00	1.51	1.23	1.19	1.27	1.06	0.07	0.077	0.117
RIPK2	1.00	1.61	1.37	1.17	1.26	1.14	0.05	0.010	0.028

TLR4: toll-like receptor 4; MYD88: myeloid differentiation factor 88; IRAK1: IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 1; TRAF6: TNF receptor-associated factor 6; P₃₈MAPK: P₃₈ mitogen-activated protein kinase; NF-κBp65: nuclear factor-κB p65; IL-1β: interleukin-1β; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α; NOD: nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein; RIPK2: receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2.
^#Significantly different from CON group (p < 0.05).In the same row, different superscript letters show significant difference among ETEC-challenged groups (p < 0.05).
P1 was used to determine the response to ETEC challenge, CON v. ETEC.
^†P2 was used to determine the response to benzoic acid, bacillus coagulans, and oregano oil combined supplementation among ETEC-challenged piglets.