Metabolomics of Pregnancy Complications: Emerging Application of Maternal Hair

Table 6

Examples of hair metabolomic studies associated with complicated pregnancies.

Sample specimen	Participants (n)	Outcomes	Analytical platforms	Metabolites	Statistical analysis	References
Maternal hair	83(41 FGR,42 Controls)	FGR vs Controls	GC-MS	5 discriminating metabolites (lactate, levulinate, 2-methyloctadecanate,; tyrosine, and margarate) were observer between FGR and normal pregnancies	P<0.01	[145]
Maternal hair	94(47 GDM,47 Controls)	GDM vs controls	GC-MS	adipic acid significantly elevated in GDM compared to the control group (P=0.002)	P<0.05	[146]