Research Article

A Possible Mechanism: Vildagliptin Prevents Aortic Dysfunction through Paraoxonase and Angiopoietin-Like 3

Table 2

The enriched GO terms with differentially expressed genes .

Term IDTerm nameCount-valueFold EnrichmentcatalogueGenes

GO:0010951negative regulation of endopeptidase activity167.22 × 10−108.425Biology ProcessKNG1, MUG2, MUG1, SERPINA10, PZP, C5, AHSG, AMBP, SERPINA3N, SERPINF2, SERPINA4, SERPINC1, ITIH4, HRG, ITIH2, SERPIND1
GO:0019373epoxygenase P450 pathway75.88 × 10−721.821Biology ProcessCYP2C6V1, CYP2B3, CYP2J4, CYP2C23, CYP2C13, CYP2A1, CYP2A2
GO:0006953acute-phase response77.97 × 10−614.356Biology ProcessKNG1, MUG1, CRP, ITIH4, SAA4, SERPINA1, AHSG
GO:0007596blood coagulation82.08 × 10−59.446Biology ProcessF13B, F12, SERPINA10, C9, F9, SERPIND1, CPB2, PLG
GO:0055114oxidation-reduction process233.29 × 10−52.753Biology ProcessALDH8A1, CYP2B3, CYP2J4, HSD3B5, DECR2, RGD1304810, CYP2D3, EGLN1, KMO, P4HTM, VAT1, IYD, CYP2C6V1, TDO2, CYP3A23/3A1, HIF1AN, CYP4F4, CYP2C23, CYP2C13, SH3BGRL3, RDH16, CYP2A1, CYP2A2
GO:0007010cytoskeleton organization103.95 × 10−56.089Biology ProcessCCL24, TNIK, CAP2, TUBB2A, SVIL, CAMSAP1, STRIP2, TUBB6, TUBA1A, TUBB4B
GO:0051918negative regulation of fibrinolysis46.93 × 10−544.533Biology ProcessSERPINF2, HRG, CPB2, PLG
GO:0007017microtubule-based process61.68 × 10−411.405Biology ProcessTUBB2A, TUBB5, TUBB6, TUBA1A, DCTN1, TUBB4B
GO:0046470phosphatidylcholine metabolic process46.75 × 10−422.267Biology ProcessAPOA5, PON1, GPLD1, LIPC
GO:0042730fibrinolysis48.35 × 10−420.782Biology ProcessF12, HRG, CPB2, PLG
GO:0031100organ regeneration70.001105.995Biology ProcessAPOA2, BAAT, ADH1, ALDOC, APOA5, PRPS2, AHSG
GO:0006958complement activation, classical pathway50.0012310.532Biology ProcessC9, C5, CRP, C4BPB, C4BPA
GO:0006954inflammatory response120.001583.149Biology ProcessCCL24, KNG1, TLR10, SERPINA3N, TNFRSF10B, MUG1, CCL21, C5, HRH4, CCL9, SERPINA1, CXCR3
GO:0050996positive regulation of lipid catabolic process30.0023638.967Biology ProcessAPOA2, APOA5, ANGPTL3
GO:0070328triglyceride homeostasis40.0043111.990Biology ProcessAPOC4, APOA5, LIPC, ANGPTL3
GO:0007568aging110.007452.721Biology ProcessADRB3, CYP3A23/3A1, CRYAB, ENDOG, ALDOC, CRP, SPINK1, IGFBP1, ATP5G3, SREBF2, HTR2A
GO:0071346cellular response to interferon-gamma50.007666.388Biology ProcessCCL24, SERPINA3N, CCL21, CCL9, CFH
GO:0008203cholesterol metabolic process50.008116.285Biology ProcessAPOA2, PON1, LIPC, ANGPTL3, SREBF2
GO:0042632cholesterol homeostasis50.009066.089Biology ProcessCAV3, APOA2, APOA5, LIPC, ANGPTL3
GO:0042246tissue regeneration40.009968.907Biology ProcessSERPINA10, APOA5, IGFBP1, PLG
GO:0046330positive regulation of JNK cascade50.01125.730Biology ProcessDIXDC1, CCL21, SERPINF2, MAP3K10, TPD52L1
GO:0050921positive regulation of chemotaxis30.013416.700Biology ProcessCCL21, C5, CXCR3
GO:0006956complement activation30.015315.587Biology ProcessC8A, C5, CFH
GO:2000649regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity30.015315.587Biology ProcessCAV3, SCN1B, SCN2B
GO:0042573retinoic acid metabolic process30.017314.613Biology ProcessALDH8A1, ADH1, RDH16
GO:0009395phospholipid catabolic process30.021712.989Biology ProcessAPOA2, ENPP2, ANGPTL3
GO:0001666response to hypoxia90.02302.598Biology ProcessCRYAB, ANG, CAMK2G, ALDOC, CRP, SERPINA1, EGLN1, PAK1, LIPC
GO:0055117regulation of cardiac muscle contraction30.024112.305Biology ProcessCAV3, P2RX4, CALM3
GO:0055090acylglycerol homeostasis20.025477.933Biology ProcessAPOA5, ANGPTL3
GO:0034370triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle remodeling20.025477.933Biology ProcessAPOA2, APOA5
GO:0031116positive regulation of microtubule polymerization30.026511.690Biology ProcessCAV3, MAP1B, DCTN1
GO:0032956regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization40.02875.995Biology ProcessDIXDC1, HRG, PAK1, SH3BGRL3
GO:0048247lymphocyte chemotaxis30.031710.627Biology ProcessCCL24, CCL21, CCL9
GO:0070098chemokine-mediated signaling pathway40.03635.469Biology ProcessCCL24, CCL21, CCL9, CXCR3
GO:0045959negative regulation of complement activation, classical pathway20.037851.956Biology ProcessC4BPB, C4BPA
GO:0002542Factor XII activation20.037851.956Biology ProcessKNG1, F12
GO:0009725response to hormone50.03813.936Biology ProcessANG, APOA5, LIPC, ANGPTL3, SREBF2
GO:0042311vasodilation30.04029.352Biology ProcessKNG1, P2RX4, ALB
GO:0006631fatty acid metabolic process40.04135.196Biology ProcessBAAT, DECR2, LIPC, ANGPTL3
GO:0007399nervous system development70.04282.741Biology ProcessPLXNA4, SCN2B, CAMK2G, KREMEN1, MAP1B, DPYSL3, NUMBL
GO:0048675axon extension30.04318.992Biology ProcessSEMA7A, MAP1B, POU4F3
GO:0072659protein localization to plasma membrane40.04854.871Biology ProcessCAV3, TNIK, FGF13, CDH1
GO:0006935chemotaxis40.04854.871Biology ProcessCCL24, ENPP2, C5, CXCR3
GO:0006810transport60.04893.017Biology ProcessP2RX4, DYNC1LI1, AFM, LOC360919, ALB, LOC500473
GO:0072562blood microparticle221.84 × 10−1814.631Cellular ComponentsKNG1, GC, C9, MUG1, APCS, C4BPA, PLG, AHSG, C8A, AMBP, APOA2, AFM, SERPINF2, ALB, HPX, APOA5, PON1, CFH, SERPINC1, ITIH4, HRG, ITIH2
GO:0005615extracellular space492.19 × 10−112.922Cellular ComponentsMUG2, MUG1, PZP, CRP, GPLD1, SPINK1, ANPEP, AZGP1, APOA2, ANG, SEMA7A, SERPINA4, APOA5, CFH, SERPINA1, SEMA3B, KNG1, F12, APCS, LOC360919, F9, C8A, AMBP, SERPINA3N, SERPINF2, SCGB2A2, GC, SERPINA10, ENPP2, C5, CCL9, AHSG, CCL24, ALB, CCL21, SERPINC1, ANGPTL3, C4BPB, DPYSL3, C4BPA, PLG, AFM, HPX, PON1, METRNL, SERPIND1, IGFBP1, LIPC, CPB2
GO:0034364high-density lipoprotein particle74.31 × 10−832.313Cellular ComponentsAPOA2, APOC4, APOA5, PON1, GPLD1, SAA4, LIPC
GO:0070062extracellular exosome666.06 × 10−81.957Cellular ComponentsALDH8A1, CYP2J4, MUG1, TUBB2A, CRP, GPLD1, ANPEP, CKB, AZGP1, APOA2, DES, PACSIN3, ANG, SERPINA4, ITIH4, TUBB5, CFH, TUBB6, ITIH2, SEMA3B, SERPINA1, TUBA1A, KNG1, F12, TNIK, APCS, CRYAB, F9, METTL7A, VAT1, AMBP, C8A, RPS16, SERPINF2, BHMT, PRNP, SLC27A2, PRPS2, GC, C9, SERPINA10, ALDOC, C5, CDH1, KMO, AHSG, ALCAM, ALB, SERPINC1, DOPEY2, HRG, TUBB4B, COTL1, PLG, P2RX4, AFM, HPX, ARF3, PON1, CALM3, PAPPA2, METRNL, SERPIND1, SH3BGRL3, MYH14, CPB2
GO:0031090organelle membrane112.10 × 10−79.591Cellular ComponentsCYP2C6V1, CYP2B3, UGT2B37, UGT2B17, CYP3A23/3A1, CYP4F4, CYP2C23, CYP2D3, CYP2C13, CYP2A1, CYP2A2
GO:0030018Z disc91.24 × 10−46.037Cellular ComponentsCAV3, JPH2, DES, CRYAB, BAG3, PDLIM3, PAK1, HOMER1, FLNC
GO:0014704intercalated disc64.60 × 10−49.232Cellular ComponentsCAV3, SCN1B, DES, ATP2A2, FGF13, PAK1
GO:0030426growth cone96.13 × 10−44.772Cellular ComponentsANG, CRP, MAP1B, CALM3, DPYSL3, FGF13, MYH14, PAK1, HAP1
GO:0005874microtubule118.97 × 10−43.658Cellular ComponentsDYNC1LI1, TUBB2A, CAMSAP1, MAP1B, TUBB5, TUBB6, FGF13, TUBA1A, DCTN1, TUBB4B, GLYATL2
GO:0043034costamere40.0019615.695Cellular ComponentsSVIL, SYNM, HOMER1, FLNC
GO:0005576extracellular region190.004562.088Cellular ComponentsAPCS, C9, CRP, NTN4, GPLD1, SAA4, C4BPB, FGF13, PTH2, C4BPA, PLG, LOC500473, CCL24, C8A, SERPINA3N, ALB, APOA5, HRG, LIPC
GO:0005789endoplasmic reticulum membrane160.005042.258Cellular ComponentsCYP2B3, CDIPT, HSD3B5, CYP2D3, SREBF2, CYP2C6V1, UGT2B37, UGT2B17, CYP3A23/3A1, ATP2A2, CYP4F4, CYP2C23, CYP2C13, CYP2A1, CYP2A2, SLC27A2
GO:0030424axon120.006572.609Cellular ComponentsGC, ALCAM, P2RX4, CRYAB, ALDOC, MAP1B, FGF13, CDH1, MYH14, PAK1, HOMER1, HTR2A
GO:0034361very-low-density lipoprotein particle30.019213.848Cellular ComponentsAPOA2, APOC4, APOA5
GO:0043231intracellular membrane-bounded organelle160.03021.825Cellular ComponentsKNG1, CYP2B3, CAV3, CYP2J4, HSD3B5, GPLD1, PLG, SREBF2, AMBP, UGT2B17, CYP3A23/3A1, PON1, CYP2C23, UGT2A3, CYP2A1, SLC27A2
GO:0005856cytoskeleton80.03452.605Cellular ComponentsTNIK, DES, FILIP1, MAP1B, FLNC, COTL1, TPM2, HAP1
GO:0044216other organism cell20.037652.316Cellular ComponentsC4BPB, C4BPA
GO:0033017sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane30.04578.719Cellular ComponentsJPH2, ATP2A2, CAMK2G
GO:0004867serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity156.34 × 10−1111.167Molecular FunctionMUG2, PZP, MUG1, SERPINA10, SPINK1, AMBP, SERPINA3N, SERPINF2, SERPINA4, SERPINC1, ITIH4, HRG, ITIH2, SERPINA1, SERPIND1
GO:0070330aromatase activity92.65 × 10−818.039Molecular FunctionCYP2C6V1, CYP2B3, CYP3A23/3A1, CYP4F4, CYP2C23, CYP2D3, CYP2C13, CYP2A1, CYP2A2
GO:0008392arachidonic acid epoxygenase activity81.97 × 10−718.393Molecular FunctionCYP2C6V1, CYP2B3, CYP2J4, CYP2C23, CYP2D3, CYP2C13, CYP2A1, CYP2A2
GO:0008395steroid hydroxylase activity85.35 × 10−716.035Molecular FunctionCYP2C6V1, CYP2B3, CYP2J4, CYP2C23, CYP2D3, CYP2C13, CYP2A1, CYP2A2
GO:0020037heme binding131.46 × 10−66.122Molecular FunctionCYP2B3, CYP2J4, CYP2D3, AMBP, CYP2C6V1, TDO2, CYP3A23/3A1, CYP4F4, CYP2C23, HRG, CYP2C13, CYP2A1, CYP2A2
GO:0008092cytoskeletal protein binding81.07 × 10−510.423Molecular FunctionDES, PACSIN3, CRYAB, ALDOC, PDLIM3, CDH1, FLNC, ABCG2
GO:0005506iron ion binding131.11 × 10−55.031Molecular FunctionCYP2B3, CYP2J4, CYP2D3, EGLN1, P4HTM, CYP2C6V1, CYP3A23/3A1, HIF1AN, CYP4F4, CYP2C23, CYP2C13, CYP2A1, CYP2A2
GO:0004866endopeptidase inhibitor activity55.40 × 10−413.028Molecular FunctionMUG2, MUG1, C5, SERPINA1, AHSG
GO:0017080sodium channel regulator activity56.95 × 10−412.214Molecular FunctionCAV3, SCN1B, SCN2B, GPLD1, FGF13
GO:0016712oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen58.78 × 10−411.495Molecular FunctionCYP2B3, CYP2J4, CYP3A23/3A1, CYP2D3, CYP2A1
GO:0005200structural constituent of cytoskeleton60.002236.514Molecular FunctionTUBB2A, TUBB5, TUBB6, SYNM, TUBA1A, TUBB4B
GO:0016706oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, 2-oxoglutarate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom each of oxygen into both donors40.0026214.213Molecular FunctionHIF1AN, RGD1304810, EGLN1, P4HTM
GO:0008201heparin binding80.002684.283Molecular FunctionSERPINA10, ANG, APOA5, SERPINC1, CFH, HRG, SERPIND1, LIPC
GO:0016705oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen50.002978.316Molecular FunctionCYP2C6V1, CYP2B3, CYP2C23, EGLN1, CYP2C13
GO:0005102receptor binding120.006662.598Molecular FunctionKNG1, HAO1, P2RX4, BAAT, ANG, LRRC4B, DECR2, HRG, HOMER1, SLC27A2, HAP1, PLG
GO:0004497monooxygenase activity50.009446.013Molecular FunctionCYP2C6V1, CYP2B3, CYP2C23, CYP2D3, CYP2C13
GO:0004622lysophospholipase activity30.0132816.751Molecular FunctionENPP2, LIPC, GDPD1
GO:0042803protein homodimerization activity190.014741.845Molecular FunctionRBPMS2, CRYAB, GIMAP7, CAMK2G, CRP, NR4A1, TPD52L1, ABCG2, AMBP, ADRB3, APOA2, HIF1AN, ANG, SERPINF2, ADH1, TENM3, PON1, RDH16, PRPS2
GO:0005543phospholipid binding50.01984.825Molecular FunctionAPOA2, APOA5, MAP1B, PON1, SYTL3
GO:0044325ion channel binding60.02333.693Molecular FunctionCAV3, CALM3, FGF13, PRNP, HOMER1, HAP1
GO:0048020CCR chemokine receptor binding30.023912.342Molecular FunctionCCL24, CCL21, CCL9
GO:0043395heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding30.028911.167Molecular FunctionCFH, HRG, LIPC
GO:0030215semaphorin receptor binding30.028911.167Molecular FunctionSEMA7A, SEMA3B, SH3BGRL3
GO:0005509calcium ion binding160.03301.797Molecular FunctionMATN2, F12, APCS, CALR4, TBC1D9, ENPP2, CRP, DECR2, F9, CDH1, P4HTM, ATP2A2, PON1, ITIH4, CALM3, SYTL3
GO:0008307structural constituent of muscle30.03719.771Molecular FunctionPDLIM3, SYNM, TPM2
GO:0003779actin binding80.04062.511Molecular FunctionGC, DIXDC1, CAP2, ANG, DIAPH3, MAP1B, COTL1, TPM2
GO:0015020glucuronosyltransferase activity30.04608.685Molecular FunctionUGT2B37, UGT2B17, UGT2A3
GO:0005507copper ion binding40.04634.963Molecular FunctionP2RX4, ANG, PRNP, ATP7B
GO:0005515protein binding290.04841.427Molecular FunctionCAV3, GC, SCN1B, ALDOC, CRP, CDH1, RHOV, CKB, A1CF, TUBB5, SERPINC1, SERPINA1, PAK1, TUBA1A, HAP1, TUBB4B, SCN2B, CRYAB, MAP1B, HRK, NR4A1, HOMER1, NUMBL, P2RX4, ATP2A2, CALM3, SLC27A2, PRPS2, HTR2A