Liver Illness and Psoriatic Patients

Table 2

Inspired from the American Gastroenterological Association Institute technical review on prevention and treatment of HBVr during immunosuppressive drug therapy.

Drug	Potential disorders for treatment			Risk group	HBVr drug risk estimates (%)
	Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA)	European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)	European Dermatology Forum (EDF), European Associa- tion for Dermatology and Venereology (EADV), International Psoriasis Council (IPC)
TNF inhibitors: etanercept, adalimumab,; certolizumab, infliximab	Peripheral arthritis, axial disease, enthesitis, dactylitis, psoriasis, nails	Axial, enthesitis, peripheral arthritis, dactylitis	Psoriasis	Moderate	(i) HBsAg positive/anti-HBc positive: 1%–10% (B); (ii) HBsAg negative/anti-HBc positive: 1% (C)
IL-12/23 blocker; (Ustekinumab)	Peripheral arthritis, axial disease, enthesitis, dactylitis, psoriasis, nails	Axial, enthesitis, peripheral arthritis, dactylitis	Psoriasis	Moderate	(i) HBsAg positive/anti-HBc positive: 1%–10% (C); (ii) HBsAg negative/anti-HBc positive: 1% (C)
Methotrexate	Peripheral arthritis, dactylitis, psoriasis, nails	Peripheral arthritis, dactylitis	Psoriasis	Low	(i) HBsAg positive/anti-HBc positive: <1% (A); (ii) HBsAg negative/anti-HBc positive: <1% (A)
Corticosteroids	Axial, enthesitis, peripheral arthritis, dactylitis	Axial, enthesitis, peripheral arthritis, dactylitis		High	therapy for ≥4 wk; (i) HBsAg positive/anti-HBc positive: >10% (B); (moderate/high dose)
				Moderate	therapy for ≥4 wk; (i) HBsAg positive/anti-HBc positive: 1–10% (C) (low dose); (ii) HBsAg negative/anti-HBc positive: 1–10% (C) (moderate/high dose)
				Low	therapy for ≥4 wk; HBsAg negative/anti-HBc positive: <1% (B) (low dose)
				Low	therapy for ≤1 wk; (i) HBsAg positive/anti-HBc positive: <1% (B); (ii) HBsAg negative/anti-HBc positive: <1% (A)

Note. Low-risk drug was anticipated to result in HBVr in <1% of cases for all drugs in this category and substantially <1% with most agents; use of a moderate-risk drug was anticipated to result in HBVr in >1% of cases but <10% of cases; and use of a high-risk drug was anticipated to result in HBVr in >10% of cases. Confidence in evidence was graded as follows: (A) high confidence that the estimate lies within group risk boundaries; (B) moderate confidence that the estimate lies within group risk boundaries; (C) little or no confidence that the estimate lies within group risk boundaries. Glucocorticoids: prednisone (or equivalent): low dose, <10 mg; moderate dose, 10–20 mg; high dose, >20 mg.