Preliminary Evaluation of Thulium Doped Fiber Laser in Pig Model of Liver Surgery

Figure 3

Histopathological evaluation of the liver tissue damage on day 7 after cutting with thulium laser (magnification x40, HE staining). (a) and (b) Total depth of thermal tissue damage; (c) focal necrotic lesions; (d) clear zone of carbonization in the middle of the incision wound.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)