Probiotics and Their Potential Preventive and Therapeutic Role for Cancer, High Serum Cholesterol, and Allergic and HIV Diseases

Table 1

Anticancer effect of probiotic on cancer patients.

Probiotic strain	Subjects	Dose and duration of study	Effects (P<0.05)	Ref
Lactobacillus plantarum CGMCC,; Lactobacillus acidophilus-11; and Bifidobacterium longum-88	(i) Colorectal cancer patients; (ii) 150 patients (1;1 ratio of probiotic and placebo group)	(i) Lactobacillus plantarum CGMCC no.1258;10^11(CFU)/g; (ii) Lactobacillus acidophilus;10^11CFU/g,; (iii) Bifidobacterium longum-8810^10 (CFU/g); (iv) The patients administrated with probiotic 6 days preoperatively and 10 days postoperative.	Probiotics decreased the serum zonulin concentration, duration of postoperative pyrexia, duration of antibiotic therapy, and rate of postoperative infectious complications as well as inhibited the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling pathway.	[54]
Lactobacillus rhamnosus LC705 and Propionibacterium freudenreichii; subsp. shermanii strains	(i) Aflatoxin-induced liver cancer; (ii) 90 male students with high aflatoxin level in urine	5 weeks, (1:1, wt: wt) at a dose of 2–5×10^10 colony-forming units/day	61.5% reduction of a liver cancer biomarker which leads to reduced urinary excretion of aflatoxin B1-N7guanine (AFB-N7-guanine)	[55]
Lactobacillus casei Shirota(LcS)	(i) Breast cancer; (ii) 968 breast cancer patients (306 probiotic group; 662 control) aged 40 to 55.	Frequent consumption of Yakult containing Lactobacillus casei Shirota and isoflavones from soy product for 2 years	Regular consumption of LcS and isoflavones since adolescence was inversely associated with the incidence of breast cancer in Japanese women.	[56]
Lactobacillus acidophilus L1	(i) Bladder cancer; (ii) A total of 180 cases (mean age: 67 years, SD 10) and 445 population-based controls	200 g of yoghurt containing L. acidophilus L1 for 10 weeks	Habitual intake of lactic acid bacteria reduces the risk of bladder cancer.	[57]
Lactobacillus casei Shirota (LcS)	(i) Cervical cancer; (ii) 54 women; with an HPV-positive intra epithelial lesion	Daily administration of (Yakult) containing LcS for 6 months.	60 % reduction in human papilloma virus (HPV) associated infection and cervical cancer precursors.	[8]