Root-Cause Analysis of Persistently High Maternal Mortality in a Rural District of Indonesia: Role of Clinical Care Quality and Health Services Organizational Factors

Table 3

Maternal obstetric profile of women who died.

Characteristic	Death in the hospital (%)	Death in the community (%)	Total (%)
Parity
0-1	6	3	9 (30)
2–4	12	3	14 (46)
≥5	1	0	1 (3.3)
Missing	4	2	6 (20)
Gestational Age (months)
3 months	1	0	1 (3.3)
7 months	0	1	1 (3.3)
8 months	4	1	5 (16)
9 months	13	6	19 (63)
Missing	4	0	4 (13)
Antenatal care visits (index pregnancy)
No visit	1	2	3 (10)
One visit	1	0	1 (3.3)
Two visits	1	2	3 (10)
Three visits	1	2	3 (10)
Four and above	16	2	18 (59.3)
Missing	2	0	2 (6.6)
Previous obstetric complications
Previous CS	3	0	3 (10)
Previous stillbirth	1	1	2 (7)
Previous abortion	1	1	2 (7)
Previous miscarriage	0	0	0 (0)
Previous postpartum hemorrhage	1	0	1 (3.3)
First attendant at delivery
Traditional birth attendant			7 (23)
Trained midwife			13 (43)
Midwife at the health centre			3 (10)
Government Hospital			2 (7)
Private Hospital			0 (0)
Private midwife clinic			0 (0)
Family member			1 (3.3)
Missing			4 (13)