Lectins as Promising Therapeutics for the Prevention and Treatment of HIV and Other Potential Coinfections

Table 1

Lectins with neutralization activities towards different enveloped viruses.

Virus	Antiviral lectins	EC50/IC50	References
Hepatitis C	Cyanovirin N (CV-N)	1.6–17.6 nM	[53]
	Griffithsin (GRFT)	13.9 nM	[54]
	Microcystis viridis (MVL)	30.4 nM	[55]
	Galanthus nivalis (GNA)	11.1 nM	[55]
	Cymbidium agglutinin (CA)	10 nM	[56]
	Hippeastrum hybrid agglutinin (HHA)	3 nM	[56]
Influenza A/B	Eucheuma serra (ESA-2)	12.4 nM	[57]
	Kappaphycus alvarezii (KAA-2)	12.3/1–10 nM	[58]
	Boodlea coasta (BCA)	18.8–74.2 nM	[59]
	Narcissus tazetta (NTL)	0.20 μg/ml–1.33 μg/ml	[60]
Herpes simplex types 1 and 2	Griffithsin (GRFT)	230 nM	[61]
	Cyanovirin N (CV-N)	Low nM	[62]
	Jackfruit lectin (JFL)	2.5 μg/ml	[63]
	Typhonium divaricatum (L.) Decne	3.054 μg/ml	[64]
	Polygonatum odoratum (POL)	2.5 μg/ml	[65]
Japanese encephalitis virus	Griffithsin (GRFT)	20 nM	[50]
Coronavirus	Hippeastrum hybrid agglutinin (HHA)	3.2 μg/ml	[66]
	Galanthus nivalis (GNA)	6.2 μg/ml	[66]
	Cymbidium agglutinin (CA)	4.9 μg/ml	[66]
	Urtica dioica agglutinin (UDA)	1.3 μM	[67]
HIV	Griffithsin (GRFT)	0.04–0.63 nM	[45]
	BanLec	0.33–4.1 nM	[44]
	Actinohivin (AH)	2–110 nM	[42]
	Cyanovirin N (CV-N)	0.1–36.8	[19]
	Microvirin (MVN)	2.1–167 nM	[39]