Natural Antispasmodics: Source, Stereochemical Configuration, and Biological Activity

Table 4

Synthetic antispasmodic compounds used in medicine.

Synthetic compound	Receptor targeted	Main use
Alkaloids
Chlorzoxazone	Prevents release of histamine	Muscular spasm
Pancuronium	Nicotinic acetylcholine	Muscle relaxant
Riluzole	Sodium channels	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Rocuronium	Antagonist of neuromuscular junction	Muscle relaxant and anaesthesia
Tizanidine	α2 adrenergic agonist	Muscle relaxant
Vecuronium	Nicotinic acetylcholine	Muscle relaxant and anaesthesia
Curcuminoids
Atracurium	Nicotinic acetylcholine	Muscle relaxant and anaesthesia
Cisatracurium	Nicotinic acetylcholine	Muscle relaxant and anaesthesia
Mivacurium	Nicotinic acetylcholine	Muscle relaxant and anaesthesia
Methylpropanoid
Diazepam		Anxiety, alcohol withdrawal syndrome, muscle spasms, seizures, and restless legs syndrome
Prograbide		Epilepsy
Orphenadrine		Skeletal muscle relaxant that is used for the treatment of acute muscle aches, pain, or spasms.
Phenylpropanoids
Baclofen		Spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy, and multiple sclerosis
Idrocilamide	Prevents release of intracellular Ca^2+	Skeletal muscle relaxant and muscular pain