Combinational Effect of Rumex tingitanus (Polygonaceae) Hexane Extract and Bacillus thuringiensis  δ-Endotoxin against Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Table 2

Chronic toxicity of R. tingitanus extracts against S. littoralis larvae within 48 h.

Treatment	Concentration (mg g^-1)	Mortality ()
		1st instar	2nd instar	3rd instar	4th instar
RtEtOH-H2O	2.5	0	0	0	0
	5	0	0	0	0
RtEtOAcF	2.5	0	0	0	0
	5	0	0	0	0
RtHexF	0.3125	10 ± 1.0	0	0	0
	0.625	23.3 ± 1.1	15 ± 0.2	0	0
	1.25	30 ± 0.5	25 ± 1.0	0	0
	2.5	50 ± 0.5	50 ± 1.0	0	0
	5	70 ± 0.8	60 ± 2.4	10 ± 0.0	0
RtWF	2.5	0	0	0	0
	5	0	0	0	0
Negative control	-	0	0	0	0

Average mortality in % obtained after application of R. tingitanus extracts: Rt EtOH-H₂O; hydroalcoholic extract, RtHexF; n-hexane fraction, RtEtOAcF; ethyl acetate fraction and RtWF; water fraction mixed with 1 g of artificial semisolid diet cubes. Larval mortality against the 1st to 4th instar larvae was determined after 2 days.