Health-Related Quality of Life in Pulmonary Hypertension and Its Clinical Correlates: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 2

Correlation and multivariate linear regression for the relationship between patient characteristics and CAMPHOR scores.

Characteristics	Symptoms		Functioning		Quality of life
	Correlation coefficient	Linear regression coefficient [95% CI]	Correlation coefficient	Linear regression coefficient [95% CI]	Correlation coefficient	Linear regression coefficient [95% CI]
Age, yrs	0.240		0.403		0.283
Work status
Full-time	−0.172		−0.360		−0.166
Homemaker	0.095		0.002		0.064
Retired	0.090		0.342		0.109
Etiology
PAH/others	0.328		0.350		0.333
CTEPH
Comorbidities
Yes	0.297		0.228		0.206
No
Functional class
I/II	0.526		0.627	-	0.505
III/IV				4.74
				[1.23; 8.26]
6MWD, meters	−0.673	−0.03	−0.742	−0.02	−0.609	−0.03
		[−0.05; −0.01]		[−0.04; −0.01]		[−0.04; −0.01]
Borg dyspnea	0.779	1.29	0.652		0.732	1.19
		[0.64; 1.93]				[0.59; 1.78]
HR_bas, bpm	−0.209		−0.299	−0.13	−0.301
				[−0.24; −0.02]
HR_Max, bpm	−0.338		−0.411		−0.367
O2Sat_min, mmHg	−0.372		−0.335		−0.295
Delta O2Sat	0.392		0.358		0.333
Oxygen use
Yes	0.340		0.330		0.324
No
Constant	NA	19.11		26.60		16.71
		[11.3; 26.9]		[16.9; 36.3]		[9.5; 23.9]
adjusted	NA	0.595	NA	0.527	NA	0.592

For the purpose of brevity only variables with significant results are displayed in the table. The following variables were considered for statistical analysis but did not reach statistical significance: gender, marital status, disease duration, DeltaHR, SBP, DBP, O2Sat_baseline, NT-proBNP, RAP, mPAP, PAOP, CI, PVR, oral anticoagulants, diuretics, calcium channel blockers, PH-specific therapy, PH-specific therapy route; correlation coefficients calculated using Spearman’s rank (quantitative versus quantitative variables) or point-biserial (quantitative versus categorical). adjusted represents the proportion of variability explained by the proposed model; 6MWD: 6-minute walk distance; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; Borg: Borg dyspnea score; CAMPHOR: Cambridge Pulmonary Hypertension Outcome Review; CI: cardiac index; CTEPH: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure; DeltaHR: maximum-baseline heart rate; Delta O2Sat: baseline-minimum oxygen saturation; HR_Bas: baseline heart rate; HR_Max: maximum heart rate; mPAP: mean pulmonary arterial pressure; NA: not applicable; NHP: Nottingham Health Profile; NS: not significant; PAH: pulmonary arterial hypertension; PAOP: pulmonary artery occlusion pressure; PVR: pulmonary vascular resistance; RAP: right atrial pressure; O2Sat_min: minimum oxygen saturation; O2Sat_bas: baseline oxygen saturation; SBP: systolic blood pressure; ; ; .