Association between Physical Exercise and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress among Middle-Aged and Elderly Community Residents with Essential Hypertension in China

Table 5

Multilevel linear regression on PE and oxidative stress markers.

Variable	MDA		SOD		4-HNE
	β		β		β
Individuals with hypertension
PE1	-0.461	0.001	2.385	0.001	-0.234	0.075
PE2	-0.247	0.106	-0.719	0.405	-1.228	0.001
PE3	-0.193	0.511	-1.700	0.306	-0.287	0.352
PE4	-0.200	0.619	1.087	0.633	-0.268	0.526
PE5	0.152	0.262	0.443	0.798	0.293	0.363
Individuals without CVD
PE1	-0.461	0.001	2.269	0.001	-0.030	0.648
PE2	-0.501	0.001	-1.222	0.131	-0.563	0.001
PE3	-0.007	0.959	2.088	0.012	0.129	0.428
PE4	0.218	0.195	-1.603	0.366	-0.246	0.215
PE5	-0.615	0.045	0.827	0.563	-0.092	0.564

MDA: malondialdehyde; SOD: superoxide dismutase; 4-HNE: 4-hydroxynonenal; PE1: walking/square dancing; PE2: taiji/yoga; PE3: running/biking/climbing; PE4: ball sports; PE5: gym workout including swimming.
:regression coefficient.