Short-Term and Long-Term Effects of Riding for Children with Cerebral Palsy Gross Motor Functions
Table 2
Changes in the gross motor functions (GMFM) for the advanced subjects at the different research stages.
Investigated subject, Sex
GMFM evaluation areas Initial study ()
GMFM evaluation areas Second study ()
GMFM evaluation areas Third study ()
A
B
C
D
E
A
B
C
D
E
A
B
C
D
E
I (M)
100
100
100
94
94
100
100
100
94
97
100
100
100
100
97
II (M)
84
97
95
92
88
84
97
95
92
88
84
97
95
92
88
III (M)
60
30
2
0
0
78
36
19
2
5
92
58
78
12
16
IV (F)
92
98
100
82
72
100
98
100
87
72
100
98
100
87
77
V (M)
100
100
97
79
40
100
100
97
79
58
100
100
97
79
58
VI (M)
76
50
9
0
0
92
65
40
7
9
96
73
64
10
18
VII (M)
70
51
21
7
7
98
68
40
10
7
98
73
64
10
11
VIII (M)
100
90
83
43
16
100
93
90
55
25
100
96
95
79
37
M: male, F: female; GMFM: Gross motor functions measure; A: lying and turning over; B: sitting; C: crawling and kneeling; D: standing; E: walking, running, and jumping; M: male, F: female; 96 features improved p<0.05 in comparison with the first assessment.
