Safety of Natural Insecticides: Toxic Effects on Experimental Animals

Table 3

Effect of exposure to some natural insecticides on body and organs weight in experimental animals.

Insecticide	Treatment	Dose; mg/kg. b.wt. or animal/day	Duration; (days)	Test animal	Organ	Reference
Pyrethrum	oral	200	23	rat (♂)	bodyꜛ, liverꜛ,	[52]
Abamectin	oral	3.802	14	mice (♂)	bodyꜜ, liverꜛ, kidneyꜛ	[57]
Abamectin	oral	22.10	21	rat (♀, ♂)	bodyꜜ, liverꜛ, kidneyꜛ	[60]
Spinosad	oral	350	28	mice (♂)	bodyꜜ, kidneyꜛ, spleen,ꜛ	[68]
Spinosad	oral	10, 50, 200	21	rat (♀, ♂)	bodyꜛ	[69]
		2.5, 10, 50	28	rabbits (♀)	bodyꜛ
Bt	fed	300, 30	30	rat (♂)	body, liver, kidney	[78]
Phosphine	inhalation	3 g of phostoxin tablet (1.5 hrs/day)	7	rat (♂)	bodyꜛ, kidneyꜛ	[72]
Phosphine	inhalation	0.5, 1.5 and 4.5 mg/m3 (6hrs/day)	13 (weeks)	rat (♀, ♂)	bodyꜜ	[55]
Azadirachtin	oral	500, 1000, 1500	90	rat (♀, ♂)	body, liver, kidney, testis, spleen, heart, lung	[75]
Bt	oral, dermal	3,4,5 ml	1	rat (♀,♂), rabbit (♀,♂)	body, liver, kidney	[77]
Azadirachtin	fed	5, 25, 50	70	rat (♀, ♂)	body, liver, kidney, brain	[76]

Male (♂), female (♀), increase “ꜛ”, decrease “ꜜ”, and no change “without symbol”. Bt: Bacillus thuringiensis.