Effects of Chinese Dietary Pattern of Fat Content, n-6/n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Ratio, and Cholesterol Content on Lipid Profile in Rats

Table 10

Fatty acid compositions (% area) in rats’ brain and heart after 60 days’ treatment.

Fatty acids	EG1	EG2	EG3	EG4	CG1	CG2
Fatty acid compositions (% area) in rats’ brain
16:00	21.53 ± 1.35	21.68 ± 1.16	21.36 ± 0.76	21.48 ± 1.05	21.09 ± 1.06	20.83 ± 0.79
9c16:1	0.38 ± 0.03	0.34 ± 0.03	0.37 ± 0.04	0.36 ± 0.04	0.38 ± 0.03	0.38 ± 0.03
18:00	20.69 ± 0.60	21.31 ± 0.46	20.45 ± 0.52	20.51 ± 0.56	20.54 ± 0.42	20.46 ± 0.44
9t18:1	0.18 ± 0.04	0.13 ± 0.12	0.14 ± 0.03	0.14 ± 0.02	0.16 ± 0.03	0.19 ± 0.04
9c18:1 OA	20.01 ± 1.26	19.22 ± 1.26	19.95 ± 1.01	20.64 ± 1.11	20.85 ± 1.05	21.68 ± 1.12
11c18:1	3.86 ± 0.36	3.78 ± 0.31	3.73 ± 0.28	4.04 ± 0.38	4.15 ± 0.31	4.14 ± 0.33
9c12c18:2 LA	1.20 ± 0.24	1.08 ± 0.11	1.45 ± 0.27	1.15 ± 0.23	1.13 ± 0.08	1.13 ± 0.16
20:00	0.40 ± 0.10	0.29 ± 0.09	0.34 ± 0.08	0.34 ± 0.08	0.39 ± 0.09	0.44 ± 0.10
5c20:1	0.06 ± 0.02	0.05 ± 0.01	0.04 ± 0.01	0.05 ± 0.00	0.05 ± 0.01	0.06 ± 0.01
11c20:1	2.18 ± 0.69	1.73 ± 0.62	2.13 ± 0.58	2.18 ± 0.64	2.34 ± 0.59	2.50 ± 0.64
18:3n-3 ALA	0.60 ± 0.18	0.54 ± 0.16	0.57 ± 0.15	0.59 ± 0.11	0.65 ± 0.16	0.69 ± 0.15
20:2n-6	0.23 ± 0.05	0.19 ± 0.04	0.26 ± 0.04	0.23 ± 0.06	0.22 ± 0.04	0.21 ± 0.03
22:00	0.28 ± 0.05	0.23 ± 0.06	0.24 ± 0.04	0.24 ± 0.03	0.29 ± 0.06	0.33 ± 0.05
20:3n-6	0.47 ± 0.02	0.45 ± 0.03	0.63 ± 0.03	0.47 ± 0.03	0.48 ± 0.04	0.46 ± 0.03
22:1n-9	0.24 ± 0.07	0.18 ± 0.06	0.22 ± 0.06	0.21 ± 0.04	0.25 ± 0.06	0.27 ± 0.06
20:4n-6 ARA	9.87 ± 0.55	10.28 ± 0.48	9.81 ± 0.46	9.66 ± 0.66	9.53 ± 0.54	9.45 ± 0.51
22:2n-6	0.07 ± 0.05	0.04 ± 0.02	0.06 ± 0.04	0.06 ± 0.02	0.08 ± 0.03	0.08 ± 0.03
20:5n-3 EPA	0.23 ± 0.04	0.19 ± 0.03	0.23 ± 0.04	0.22 ± 0.02	0.24 ± 0.05	0.27 ± 0.06
24:1n-9	0.12 ± 0.04	0.10 ± 0.03	0.11 ± 0.02	0.11 ± 0.01	0.13 ± 0.03	0.15 ± 0.05
22:4n-6	2.86 ± 0.19	2.81 ± 0.20	2.73 ± 0.19	2.76 ± 0.22	2.75 ± 0.19	2.77 ± 0.16
22:5n-6	0.48 ± 0.08	0.47 ± 0.12	0.31 ± 0.04	0.38 ± 0.07	0.39 ± 0.06	0.43 ± 0.07
22:5n-3 DPA	0.17 ± 0.02	0.15 ± 0.01	0.22 ± 0.02	0.18 ± 0.02	0.16 ± 0.02	0.17 ± 0.03
22:6n-3 DHA	12.69 ± 1.00	13.66 ± 0.96	13.26 ± 0.99	12.66 ± 0.73	12.34 ± 0.86	11.49 ± 0.95
TSFAs	43.33 ± 1.34	43.91 ± 1.33	42.87 ± 0.93	43.00 ± 1.10	42.76 ± 1.18	42.53 ± 1.06
TMUFAs	27.08 ± 2.33	25.61 ± 2.21	26.79 ± 1.88	27.82 ± 2.12	28.41 ± 1.99	29.47 ± 2.02
TPUFAs	28.99 ± 1.24	29.94 ± 1.09	29.71 ± 1.12	28.56 ± 1.13	28.18 ± 1.16	27.37 ± 1.17
n-6 PUFAs	15.16 ± 0.57	15.33 ± 0.48	15.27 ± 0.48	14.74 ± 0.67	14.60 ± 0.66	14.54 ± 0.58
n-3 PUFAs	13.83 ± 0.76	14.67 ± 0.78	14.44 ± 0.79	13.82 ± 0.5	13.58 ± 0.62	12.83 ± 0.74
n-6/n-3 ratio	1.10 ± 0.04	1.04 ± 0.05	1.06 ± 0.05	1.06 ± 0.03	1.07 ± 0.04	1.13 ± 0.05
S/M/P	1.49 : 0.93 : 1	1.47 : 0.86 : 1	1.44 : 0.90 : 1	1.51 : 0.97 : 1	1.52 : 1.00 : 1	1.55 : 1.08 : 1
Fatty acid compositions (% area) in rats’ heart
16:00	12.68 ± 1.03	12.18 ± 0.33	13.13 ± 0.71	11.92 ± 0.88	12.50 ± 0.54	12.11 ± 0.53
9c16:1	0.29 ± 0.54	0.11 ± 0.05	0.13 ± 0.05	0.14 ± 0.08	0.15 ± 0.07	0.11 ± 0.04
18:00	22.41 ± 1.62	23.28 ± 0.56	20.90 ± 0.85	23.29 ± 0.76	22.47 ± 0.62	22.93 ± 0.94
9t18:1	0.15 ± 0.02	0.14 ± 0.01	0.18 ± 0.02	0.14 ± 0.02	0.12 ± 0.01	0.12 ± 0.01
9c18:1 OA	6.22 ± 2.34	5.02 ± 0.75	6.41 ± 1.30	5.65 ± 1.34	5.27 ± 0.93	5.18 ± 0.86
11c18:1	2.21 ± 0.14	2.18 ± 0.06	1.99 ± 0.13	2.27 ± 0.21	2.52 ± 0.12	2.49 ± 0.14
9c12c18:2 LA	20.37 ± 1.40	20.82 ± 0.95	25.48 ± 2.39	21.27 ± 1.90	21.47 ± 1.30	20.96 ± 0.92
20:00	0.17 ± 0.02	0.18 ± 0.02	0.20 ± 0.04	0.20 ± 0.04	0.16 ± 0.01	0.14 ± 0.01
5c20:1	0.09 ± 0.03	0.09 ± 0.01	0.10 ± 0.01	0.09 ± 0.01	0.08 ± 0.01	0.09 ± 0.01
11c20:1	0.16 ± 0.06	0.14 ± 0.03	0.40 ± 0.10	0.27 ± 0.07	0.14 ± 0.03	0.14 ± 0.06
18:3n-3 ALA	0.18 ± 0.07	0.16 ± 0.05	0.14 ± 0.04	0.14 ± 0.02	0.16 ± 0.02	0.18 ± 0.06
20:2n-6	0.20 ± 0.02	0.19 ± 0.02	0.19 ± 0.03	0.19 ± 0.02	0.19 ± 0.02	0.18 ± 0.01
22:00	0.13 ± 0.02	0.12 ± 0.02	0.15 ± 0.03	0.14 ± 0.04	0.10 ± 0.02	0.09 ± 0.01
20:3n-3	0.61 ± 0.10	0.60 ± 0.07	1.13 ± 0.18	0.68 ± 0.10	0.62 ± 0.09	0.54 ± 0.06
20:4n-6 ARA	18.01 ± 0.66	18.08 ± 0.92	15.33 ± 0.98	16.91 ± 0.48	17.27 ± 0.86	17.75 ± 0.75
20:5n-3 EPA	0.19 ± 0.03	0.21 ± 0.03	0.28 ± 0.05	0.20 ± 0.03	0.20 ± 0.02	0.21 ± 0.03
22:4n-6	0.44 ± 0.07	0.37 ± 0.05	0.36 ± 0.06	0.34 ± 0.05	0.35 ± 0.03	0.37 ± 0.05
22:5n-6	0.34 ± 0.08	0.32 ± 0.03	0.32 ± 0.03	0.29 ± 0.04	0.30 ± 0.04	0.29 ± 0.03
22:5n-3 DPA	0.69 ± 0.60	1.83 ± 0.27	2.03 ± 0.35	2.04 ± 0.27	2.03 ± 0.23	2.03 ± 0.32
22:6n-3 DHA	12.47 ± 1.05	13.03 ± 0.83	12.31 ± 1.06	12.18 ± 1.25	13.25 ± 1.15	13.11 ± 1.00
TSFAs	35.80 ± 1.08	36.12 ± 0.53	34.74 ± 1.24	35.88 ± 0.90	35.62 ± 0.63	35.66 ± 0.85
TMUFAs	9.25 ± 2.81	7.81 ± 0.81	9.37 ± 1.35	8.72 ± 1.47	8.40 ± 1.10	8.27 ± 0.91
TPUFAs	54.35 ± 2.09	55.61 ± 0.53	55.50 ± 1.31	55.01 ± 1.42	55.53 ± 1.01	55.65 ± 0.68
n-6 PUFAs	39.76 ± 1.87	40.39 ± 0.67	42.80 ± 2.19	40.45 ± 1.63	39.88 ± 1.49	40.10 ± 1.02
n-3 PUFAs	14.52 ± 1.31	15.23 ± 0.83	14.76 ± 1.59	14.56 ± 1.27	15.6 ± 1.28	15.53 ± 0.84
n-6/n-3 ratio	2.75 ± 0.31	2.66 ± 0.19	2.89 ± 0.49	2.80 ± 0.32	2.57 ± 0.32	2.59 ± 0.19
S/M/P	1 : 0.26 : 1.52	1 : 0.22 : 1.54	1 : 0.27 : 1.60	1 : 0.24 : 1.53	1 : 0.24 : 1.56	1 : 0.23 : 0.56

Values presented as means () ± SD. Mean values within each row followed by different letters (a, b, c, etc.) are significantly () different. OA, oleic acid; LA, linoleic acid; ALA, alpha-linolenic acid; EPA, eicosapntemacnioc acid; ARA, arachidonic acid; DPA, docosapentaenoic acid; DHA, docosahexenoic acid; TSFAs, total saturated fatty acids, the sum of (C16:0 + C18:0 + C20:0 + C22:0 + ⋯); TMUFAs, total monounsaturated fatty acids, the sum of (C16:1 + C18:1 + C20:1 + ⋯); TPUFAs, total polyunsaturated fatty acids, the sum of (C18:2n-6 + C18:3n-3 + C20:2n-6 + C20:3n-6 + C20:4n-6 + C20:5n-3 + C22:4n-6 + C22:5n-6 + C22:5n-3 + 22:6n-3 + ⋯); S/M/P: TSFAs/TMUFAs/TPUFAs. Different dietary treatments for groups: EG1 (0.8 mL blended oil, 9% palm oil, cholesterol of 0.04 g/kg total diet, and n-6/n-3 9 : 1); EG2 (0.8 mL blended oil, 9% palm oil, cholesterol of 0.057 g/kg total diet, and n-6/n-3 9 : 1); EG3 (0.8 mL blended oil, 8.6% palm oil, cholesterol of 0.04 g/kg total diet, and n-6/n-3 5 : 1); EG4 (0.8 mL blended oil, 8.6% palm oil, cholesterol of 0.057 g/kg total diet, and n-6/n-3 5 : 1); CG1 (0.6 mL blended oil, 6.1% palm oil, cholesterol of 0.04 g/kg total diet, and n-6/n-3 9 : 1); CG2 (0.6 mL blended oil, 6.1% palm oil, cholesterol of 0.057 g/kg total diet, and n-6/n-3 9 : 1). Different proportions of blended oil (g/100 g) for groups: EG1/EG2 (camellia oil 10 g, sunflower oil 74 g, and linseed oil 16 g); EG3/EG4 (camellia oil 18.6 g, sunflower oil 53.5 g, and linseed oil 27.9 g); CG1/CG2 (camellia oil 10.2 g, sunflower oil 73.5 g, and linseed oil 16.3 g).