Effects of Chinese Dietary Pattern of Fat Content, n-6/n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Ratio, and Cholesterol Content on Lipid Profile in Rats

Table 9

Fatty acid compositions (% area) in rats’ liver and muscle after 60 days’ treatment.

Fatty acids	EG1	EG2	EG3	EG4	CG1	CG2
Fatty acid compositions (% area) in rats’ liver
16:0	17.41 ± 1.08	18.19 ± 1.54	17.72 ± 0.82	17.69 ± 2.90	19.59 ± 1.86	18.67 ± 0.90
9c16:1	0.43 ± 0.19	0.58 ± 0.36	0.40 ± 0.12	0.61 ± 0.37	0.78 ± 0.52	0.50 ± 0.31
18:0	6.41 ± 1.42	6.49 ± 1.42	6.51 ± 2.08	7.02 ± 5.66	4.92 ± 2.42	7.77 ± 3.51
9t18:1	0.23 ± 0.02	0.23 ± 0.02	0.24 ± 0.02	0.23 ± 0.04	0.23 ± 0.02	0.22 ± 0.02
11t18:1	0.19 ± 0.02	0.19 ± 0.02	0.22 ± 0.02	0.20 ± 0.04	0.18 ± 0.01	0.19 ± 0.02
9c18:1 OA	25.09 ± 2.40	25.02 ± 1.43	24.79 ± 2.40	25.06 ± 6.57	27.15 ± 3.79	23.15 ± 4.52
11c18:1	1.29 ± 0.18	1.37 ± 0.30	1.07 ± 0.13	1.37 ± 0.32	1.69 ± 0.38	1.45 ± 0.33
9c12c18:2 LA	30.58 ± 1.33	29.47 ± 1.80	31.00 ± 1.32	29.07 ± 2.47	30.08 ± 2.28	29.59 ± 2.54
20:0	0.11 ± 0.02	0.10 ± 0.03	0.10 ± 0.03	0.11 ± 0.03	0.09 ± 0.02	0.11 ± 0.33
18:3n-6	0.41 ± 0.10	0.39 ± 0.06	0.77 ± 0.23	0.40 ± 0.07	0.37 ± 0.07	0.36 ± 0.08
11c20:1	0.48 ± 0.10	0.43 ± 0.11	0.28 ± 0.09	0.35 ± 0.11	0.43 ± 0.13	0.36 ± 0.11
18:3n-3 ALA	1.40 ± 0.18	1.43 ± 0.28	3.19 ± 0.82	2.80 ± 0.92	1.45 ± 0.23	1.12 ± 0.33
20:2n-6	0.54 ± 0.12	0.48 ± 0.10	0.27 ± 0.10	0.38 ± 0.08	0.49 ± 0.14	0.40 ± 0.07
22:0	0.04 ± 0.01	0.04 ± 0.01	0.04 ± 0.02	0.05 ± 0.02	0.04 ± 0.01	0.05 ± 0.01
20:3n-6	1.27 ± 0.22	1.20 ± 0.20	1.57 ± 0.24	1.00 ± 0.18	0.99 ± 0.16	1.04 ± 0.25
20:3n-3	0.04 ± 0.01	0.04 ± 0.00	0.05 ± 0.01	0.07 ± 0.03	0.05 ± 0.01	0.03 ± 0.01
20:4n-6 ARA	5.31 ± 0.55	5.70 ± 0.70	3.93 ± 0.80	4.31 ± 0.53	5.68 ± 0.71	6.15 ± 0.73
20:5n-3 EPA	0.54 ± 0.06	0.53 ± 0.05	0.74 ± 0.07	0.70 ± 0.05	0.53 ± 0.08	0.61 ± 0.05
22:3n-3	0.22 ± 0.06	0.28 ± 0.16	0.21 ± 0.15	0.32 ± 0.09	0.34 ± 0.18	0.36 ± 0.15
22:4n-6	0.46 ± 0.12	0.36 ± 0.08	0.21 ± 0.08	0.24 ± 0.06	0.31 ± 0.08	0.33 ± 0.10
22:5n-6	0.18 ± 0.05	0.16 ± 0.04	0.14 ± 0.05	0.13 ± 0.07	0.13 ± 0.03	0.12 ± 0.03
22:5n-3 DPA	1.23 ± 0.27	1.09 ± 0.22	1.07 ± 0.29	1.16 ± 0.32	1.04 ± 0.18	1.17 ± 0.37
22:6n-3 DHA	3.93 ± 0.43	3.96 ± 0.61	3.38 ± 0.57	3.68 ± 0.73	3.08 ± 0.72	3.85 ± 0.99
TSFAs	24.70 ± 1.40	25.75 ± 1.22	25.12 ± 2.33	25.56 ± 3.16	25.47 ± 2.71	27.32 ± 3.24
TMUFAs	27.74 ± 2.62	27.84 ± 1.81	27.00 ± 2.43	27.86 ± 6.78	30.45 ± 4.42	25.89 ± 5.02
TPUFAs	46.25 ± 2.18	45.07 ± 2.21	46.18 ± 1.17	45.10 ± 4.52	42.74 ± 3.21	45.54 ± 2.78
n-6 PUFAs	38.91 ± 1.68	37.75 ± 1.78	37.94 ± 0.96	36.46 ± 3.07	36.27 ± 2.52	38.41 ± 1.99
n-3 PUFAs	7.35 ± 0.61	7.32 ± 0.60	8.63 ± 0.57	8.63 ± 1.59	6.48 ± 0.82	7.13 ± 1.04
n-6/n-3 ratio	5.32 ± 0.34	5.17 ± 0.30	4.40 ± 0.33	4.28 ± 0.43	5.64 ± 0.46	5.50 ± 0.86
S/M/P	1 : 1.12 : 1.67	1 : 1.08 : 1.75	1 : 1.07 : 1.84	1 : 1.09 : 1.76	1 : 1.20 : 1.68	1 : 0.95 : 1.67
Fatty acid compositions (% area) in rats’ muscle
16:0	23.30 ± 1.90	22.45 ± 1.62	22.06 ± 0.90	22.64 ± 1.2	24.00 ± 1.05	23.74 ± 1.22
18:0	4.05 ± 2.42	3.96 ± 1.28	4.04 ± 0.69	3.52 ± 0.86	4.00 ± 1.36	4.07 ± 0.64
9c18:1 OA	32.57 ± 7.02	33.96 ± 4.12	35.12 ± 2.12	35.90 ± 2.33	34.28 ± 3.84	34.04 ± 2.35
11c18:1	2.10 ± 0.34	2.17 ± 0.19	1.57 ± 0.15	1.75 ± 0.11	1.68 ± 0.78	2.02 ± 0.11
9c12c18:2 LA	24.81 ± 2.04	25.28 ± 2.45	22.64 ± 1.77	21.42 ± 1.51	22.08 ± 2.04	23.16 ± 1.92
18:3n-6	0.03 ± 0.01	0.03 ± 0.01	0.04 ± 0.01	0.03 ± 0.01	0.03 ± 0.01	0.03 ± 0.01
18:3n-3 ALA	1.42 ± 0.29	1.40 ± 0.22	2.93 ± 0.56	2.53 ± 0.4	1.27 ± 0.24	1.28 ± 0.20
20:2n-6	0.15 ± 0.26	0.08 ± 0.01	0.07 ± 0.01	0.07 ± 0.01	0.07 ± 0.02	0.07 ± 0.01
20:3n-6	0.25 ± 0.26	0.20 ± 0.15	0.22 ± 0.11	0.12 ± 0.08	0.17 ± 0.14	0.09 ± 0.07
20:4n-6 ARA	1.34 ± 0.47	1.60 ± 0.46	1.16 ± 0.40	0.90 ± 0.10	1.63 ± 0.16	1.50 ± 0.41
20:5n-3 EPA	0.05 ± 0.04	0.06 ± 0.02	0.06 ± 0.02	0.05 ± 0.03	0.06 ± 0.04	0.06 ± 0.02
22:4n-6	0.07 ± 0.07	0.06 ± 0.05	0.04 ± 0.02	0.04 ± 0.04	0.05 ± 0.05	0.04 ± 0.02
22:5n-3 DPA	0.12 ± 0.07	0.19 ± 0.06	0.21 ± 0.07	0.17 ± 0.03	0.16 ± 0.07	0.18 ± 0.04
22:6n-3 DHA	0.76 ± 0.26	0.80 ± 0.20	0.88 ± 0.23	0.90 ± 0.24	0.81 ± 0.29	0.75 ± 0.27
TSFAs	28.73 ± 4.01	27.87 ± 2.45	27.61 ± 1.40	27.67 ± 1.50	29.62 ± 1.87	29.43 ± 1.45
TMUFAs	38.76 ± 3.18	40.02 ± 4.41	42.85 ± 2.03	44.41 ± 3.11	42.17 ± 4.81	41.71 ± 3.08
TPUFAs	28.92 ± 2.89	29.87 ± 2.60	28.33 ± 1.78	26.14 ± 2.99	26.38 ± 3.73	27.17 ± 2.95
n-6 PUFAs	26.56 ± 2.84	27.35 ± 2.79	24.21 ± 1.52	22.60 ± 2.40	24.03 ± 2.06	24.91 ± 1.39
n-3 PUFAs	2.32 ± 0.23	2.45 ± 0.22	4.10 ± 0.22	3.51 ± 0.23	2.29 ± 0.16	2.22 ± 0.17
n-6/n-3 ratio	11.43 ± 1.62	11.15 ± 1.58	5.91 ± 1.26	6.44 ± 1.66	10.47 ± 1.70	11.23 ± 1.48
S/M/P	1 : 1.35 : 1.0	1 : 1.44 : 1.07	1 : 1.55 : 1.02	1 : 1.60 : 0.94	1 : 1.42 : 0.89	1 : 1.42 : 0.92

Values presented as means () ± SD. Mean values within each row followed by different letters (a, b, c, etc.) are significantly () different. OA, oleic acid; LA, linoleic acid; ALA, alpha-linolenic acid; EPA, eicosapntemacnioc acid; ARA, arachidonic acid; DPA, docosapentaenoic acid; DHA, docosahexenoic acid; TSFAs, total saturated fatty acids, the sum of (C16:0 + C18:0 + C20:0 + C22:0 + ⋯); TMUFAs, total monounsaturated fatty acids, the sum of (C16:1 + C18:1 + C20:1 + C22:1 + C24:1 + ⋯); TPUFAs, total polyunsaturated fatty acids, the sum of (C18:2n-6 + C18:3n-3 + C20:2n-6 + C20:3n-6 + C20:4n-6 + C22:2n-6 + C20:5n-3 + C22:4n-6 + C22:5n-6 + C22:5n-3 + 22:6n-3 + ⋯); S/M/P: TSFAs/TMUFAs/TPUFAs. Different dietary treatments for groups: EG1 (0.8 mL blended oil, 9% palm oil, cholesterol of 0.04 g/kg total diet, and n-6/n-3 9 : 1); EG2 (0.8 mL blended oil, 9% palm oil, cholesterol of 0.057 g/kg total diet, and n-6/n-3 9 : 1); EG3 (0.8 mL blended oil, 8.6% palm oil, cholesterol of 0.04 g/kg total diet, and n-6/n-3 5 : 1); EG4 (0.8 mL blended oil, 8.6% palm oil, cholesterol of 0.057 g/kg total diet, and n-6/n-3 5 : 1); CG1 (0.6 mL blended oil, 6.1% palm oil, cholesterol of 0.04 g/kg total diet, and n-6/n-3 9 : 1); CG2 (0.6 mL blended oil, 6.1% palm oil, cholesterol of 0.057 g/kg total diet, and n-6/n-3 9 : 1). Different proportions of blended oil (g/100 g) for groups: EG1/EG2 (camellia oil 10 g, sunflower oil 74 g, and linseed oil 16 g); EG3/EG4 (camellia oil 18.6 g, sunflower oil 53.5 g, and linseed oil 27.9 g); CG1/CG2 (camellia oil 10.2 g, sunflower oil 73.5 g, and linseed oil 16.3 g).