A Shallow Angle Short-Axis Out-of-Plane Approach Reduces the Rate of Posterior Wall Injuries in Central Venous Catheterization: A Simulation Study

<div>Short-axis out-of-plane approach with shallow angle of entry using a needle navigation system. The needle enters the skin further from the probe, approximately 1 cm cephalad, which allows for a shallow angle of entry toward the simulated internal jugular vein. The needle is inclined at approximately 30° to the target vein.</div>

BioMed Research International

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Figure 2: A Shallow Angle Short-Axis Out-of-Plane Approach Reduces the Rate of Posterior Wall Injuries in Central Venous Catheterization: A Simulation Study 

Figure 2 | A Shallow Angle Short-Axis Out-of-Plane Approach Reduces the Rate of Posterior Wall Injuries in Central Venous Catheterization: A Simulation Study 