Impact of an In-House Pediatric Surgery Unit and Human Milk Centered Enteral Nutrition on Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Table 4

Mortality and morbidity of neonates who underwent surgery due to necrotizing enterocolitis.

		Center 1	Center 2	p-value
		(n=18)	(n=6)
Gestational age (weeks) as median, mean ± SD		25 (24.9; 1.54)	27.5 (27.35; 3.98)	0.04
Birth weight (gram) as median mean ± SD		759 (746.4; 230.7)	775 (805; 362)	0.65
SGA (%)		22.2	50.0	0.31
Male gender (%)		44.4	66.7	0.64
Singletons (%)		83.3	100	0.55
Prenatal steroids (%)		77.8	50.0	0.31
Amnion infection synd. (%)		25.0	33.3	0.99
IVH (grade 3-4, %)		12.5	33.3	0.29
RPM (grade 3-4, %)		26.7	33.3	0.99
BPD (grade 2-3, %)		46.2	16.7	0.60
Death (%)		22.2	0	0.28
Time between NPO and first contact with surgeon (days) as mean ± SD		1.824 (2.4)	0.1667 (0.6)	0.008
Length of removed intestine (cm) as median, mean ± SD		39 (49.96; 36.7)	11 (19.5; 17.25)	0.043
Abdominal surgical procedures per patient as median, mean ± SD		3 (2.6; 0.8281)	2 (2.6; 0.8944)	0.99
Short bowel syndrome (%)		38.9	0	0.03
Exclusively human milk (%)		27.7	33.3	0.99
Human milk combined with formula (%)		27.7	33.3	0.99
Exclusively formula milk (%)		44.4	33.3	0.99
Amount of oral feeds in ml/kg/die (median, mean ± SD)	on day 5	46 (45.4; 20.3)	42.5 (41.7; 39.53)	0.74
	on day 10	78 (73.3; 45.7)	82.5 (82.5; 67.3)	0.73
	on day 15	71 (62.5; 71.6)	72 (84.5; 61.1)	0.33
Prophylaxis with probiotics (%) on day 14 of life		76,5	83,3	0.99