Antibiotics Resistance Genes Screening and Comparative Genomics Analysis of Commensal Escherichia coli Isolated from Poultry Farms between China and Sudan

Table 2

Primer sequences and annealing temperatures used in the PCR reactions carried out the virulence genes of E. coli isolates in this study.

Antibiotics	Resistances genes	Sequence	Size (bp)	Annealing temp ()	Reference genes
Ampicillin	ampC	(F) AATGGGTTTTCTACGGTCTG; (R) GGGCAGCAAATGTGGAGCAA	191		Woodford et al. [10]
Tetracycline	tet(A)	(F) GGTTCACTCGAACGACGTCA; (R) CTGTCCGACAAGTTGCATGA	577	57	Woodford et al. [10]
Kanamycin	pKD13	(F) AGGCTTTTGCTTGAATGTTCCGTCAAGGGATCAC; GGGTAGGAGCCACCTTGTGTAGGCTGGAGCTGCTTC; (R) GGTCGACGGATCCCCGGAATGTAAGCATCTGTC; AGAAAGGCCAGTCTCAAGCGAGGCTGGCCTTTTCTGT			Woodford et al. [10]; Wright [9]
Erythromycin	erm(B)	(F) GAAAAAGTACTCAACCAAATA; (R) AATTTAAGTACCGTTAC	642	45	Woodford et al. [10]
	erm(A)	(F) TCTAAAAAGCATGTAAAAGAAA; (R) CGATACTTTTTGTAGTCCTTC	533	52	Woodford et al. [10]
	erm(C)	(F)TCAAAACATAATATAGATAAA; (R)GCTAATATTGTTTAAATCGTCAAT	642	45	Wright [9]
Doxycycline	tet(B)	(F) CCTCAGCTTCTCAACGCGTG; (R) GCACCTTGCTGATGACTCTT	634	56	Woodford et al. [10]
Spectinomycin	aadA14	(F) GTGAGGAGGAGCTTCGCGAG; (R) TGCCGCAGGACTCGGAGGTC	642	60	Woodford et al. [10]
cefotaxime	mph(A)	(F) GTGAGGAGGAGCTTCGCGAG; (R) TGCCGCAGGACTCGGAGGTC	403	60	Wright [9]
	mph(B)	(F)GATATTAAACAAGTAATCAGAATAG; (R) GCTCTTACTGCATCCATACG	494	58	Wright [9]
Ciprofloxacin	acrA	(R) TGCAGAGGTTCAGTTTTGACTGTT; (F) CTCTCAGGCAGCTTAGCCCTAA	107		Velicer et al. [11]
Gentamicin	aac(3)-I	(F) ACCTACTCCCAACATCAGCC; (R) ATATAGATCTCACTACGCGC	169	60	Velicer et al. [11]
	aac(3)-III	(F) CACAAGAACGTGGTCCGCTA; (R) AACAGGTAAGCATCCGCATC	185	60	Velicer et al. [11]
Streptomycin	aadA1	(F) TATCCAGCTAAGCGCGAACT; (R) ATTTGCCGACTACCTTGGTC	286	55	Woodford et al. [10]