Evidence of Insecticide Resistance to Pyrethroids and Bendiocarb in Anopheles funestus from Tsararano, Marovoay District, Madagascar

Figure 4

Detoxifying enzyme activities (enzymatic activity per mg of protein) of wild Anopheles funestus first generation (F1) from Tsararano, Madagascar, in comparison with Anopheles arabiensis Institut Pasteur of Madagascar susceptible strain. (a) Cytochrome P450 activities (MFO). (b) Glutathione S-transferases activities (GST). (c) Alpha esterase activities. (d) Beta esterase activities. Red lines represent means with 95% confidence intervals (blue lines).

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(b)

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