Research Article
All-Trans Retinoic Acid Enhances Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 Expression and Secretion in Human Myeloid Leukemia THP-1 Cells
Figure 1
ATRA upregulates MMP-2 mRNA expression but suppresses its cell surface expression of THP-1. THP-1 cells were treated with the different concentrations of ATRA as indicated above for 24 h (a and c) or with 1 μM (b) or 100 nM (d) ATRA for various time points as indicated above. The expression of MMP-2 mRNA was determined by qRT-PCR and was normalized to that of β-actin (a and b). The cell surface expression of MMP-2 was analyzed by flow cytometry (c and d). Bar graphs show the relative gene expression ± SD.P < 0.05 versus DMSO-treated control.
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