All-Trans Retinoic Acid Enhances Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 Expression and Secretion in Human Myeloid Leukemia THP-1 Cells

Figure 4

ATRA enhances MMP-2 secretion in a calcium-dependent mechanism. Cells were treated with 100 nM ATRA for various time periods indicated above. Then, cells were collected and intracellular calcium levels were measured by flow cytometry (a). Cells were treated with different concentrations of verapamil (10 or 20 μM) in the presence or absence of 100 nM ATRA for 48 h (b and c). The culture supernatants were collected, concentrated by filtration, and subjected to western blot analysis (b). Densitometry analysis of MMP-2 bands shown in (b) was performed by ChemiDoc MP System (c). P < 0.05.

(a)

(b)

(c)