Multiple Low Frequency Ultrasound Enhances Bactericidal Activity of Vancomycin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms

Figure 3

Synergistic effect of S-LFU and antimicrobial agents against MRSA or MSSA biofilms. S-LFU (92.36 mW/cm², 5 min), in combination with antimicrobial agents at 4×MIC, was used to treat the biofilms. The viable bacterial counts in biofilms were determined right after ultrasound and at 24 hours. VAN, LIN, and LEV indicate vancomycin, linezolid, and levofloxacin, respectively. <0.05, as compared with the control, LFU, or antimicrobial agent treatment without LFU groups.