Do Culture-Negative Periprosthetic Joint Infections Have a Worse Outcome Than Culture-Positive Periprosthetic Joint Infections? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 3

Different diagnostic criteria for periprosthetic joint infections [3–13].

Parameter

MSIS criteria

AAOS

Philadelphia Consensus

Parvizi et al.

Aggarwal et al. [3]

Zimmerli et al.

Trampuz et al.

Tohtz et al. [11]

Atkins et al.

Portillo et al.

Shanmugasundaram et al. [9]

Müller et al.

Spangehl et al. [10]

Tohtz et al.

Aggarwal et al.

Shanmugasundaram et al.

Spangehl et al.

Charité (modified from Zimmerli)

Clinical

Sinus tract or abscess

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Pain or poor functional status

x

x

x

x

x

x

Erythema or swelling

x

x

x

x

x

Pus

x

x

x

x

x

x

Early loosening

x

Labor

CRP

x; (>10mg/L)

x

x; (>10mg/L)

x; (>10mg/L)

x; (>10mg/L)

x; (>0,5mg/dl)

x; (>10mg/L)

x; (>10mg/L)

x; (>10mg/L)

x; (>10mg/L)

x

ESR

x; (>30mm/h)

x

x; (>30mm/h)

x; (>30mm/h)

x; (>30mm/h)

x

x; (>30mm/h)

x; (>30mm/h)

x; (>30mm/h)

x; (>30mm/h)

x

Leucocytes

x; (>10.000/ul)

x; (>12.000/ul)

x; (>10.000/ul)

Histology

Acute infection

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Acute infection; (Type II or III according to Krenn/Morawietz)

x

x

x; (>2)

Granulocytes/HPF

x; (>5)

x; (>5)

x; (1-10)

x; (≥10 )

x; (≥2 )

x; (>5)

x; (≥10 )

x; (≥2 )

x; (>5)

x; (>2)

x; (≥10 )

x; (>5)

Microbiology

≥2 culture-positive samples

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x; (≥3)

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

1 culture-positive sample

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

1 culture-positive sample; (high virulent germ)

x

x

Sonication

≥ 50 colonies/ml

Synovial flood

Leucocytes

x; (>1.100 cells/ul)

x

x; (>1.100 cells/ul)

x

x; (>1.700 cells/ul)

x; (>1.700 cells/ul)

x; (>1.700 cells/ul)

x

x

Granulocytes

x; (>64%)

x

x; (>64%)

x

x; (>65%))

x; (>65%))

x; (>65%))

x

x

Pus

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Culture positive

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

Main criteria

Secondary criteria