Isocentric Navigation for the Training of Percutaneous Endoscopic Transforaminal Discectomy: A Feasibility Study

Table 6

The data we recorded and analyzed in Group A.

Outcomes	L2/3	L3/4	L4/5	L5/S1	P value
Puncture times	5.500±2.066	8.000±2.726	8.333±2.920	10.286±2.946	<0.001
Fluoroscopy times	13.357±4.069	18.467±5.462	19.533±6.243	23.500±6.297	<0.001
Exposure time (s)	13.000±3.595	17.267±4.431	18.333±5.038	22.929±6.306	<0.001
Radiation dose (mSv)	0.244±0.067	0.319±0.085	0.339±0.097	0.423±0.116	<0.001