Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Exhaled Breath Temperature as Potential Biomarkers in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension
Table 1
Demographic characteristics of patients studied.
All
Group A (PAH)
Group B (COPD)
Group C (HF)
p
number of subjects
24
10
11
3
Age, years
63.2 ± 12.2
65 (11.2)
64.1 (14.4)
62.3 (10.5)
0.950
Male, n (%)
16 (66.6)
6 (60)
9 (81)
1 (33.3)
0.242
Bmi Kg/m2
27.2 ± 4.3
27.7 (5.1)
28.1 (3.4)
23.2 (1.7)
0.229
Smoking history, n (%)
5 (19.2)
0
5 (45.4)
0
<0.01
Pack-years
20.1
20.1
WHO functional class, n (%)
Class II
5 (20.8)
2 (20)
2 (18)
1 (33.3)
0.888
Class III
17 (70.8)
8 (80)
7 (63.6)
2 (66.6)
Class IV
2 (8.4)
0
2 (18)
0
Co-morbid diseases, n (%)
Systemic Art. Hypertension
7 (26.9)
5 (50)
1 (9)
1 (33.3)
0.311
Diabetes mellitus
7 (26.9)
3 (30)
2 (18)
1 (33.3)
0.977
Ischemic Cardiac disease
4 (15.3)
1 (10)
1 (9)
2 (66.6)
0.999
Chronic renal failure
5 (19.2)
3 (30)
1 (9)
1 (33.3)
0.726
Data reported as mean ± standard deviation or frequencies. PAH: pulmonary arterial hypertension; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HF: heart failure; WHO: World Health Organization; Art.: arterial; n.s.: not significant; and p: p value among the groups studied (ANOVA or Chi square)
