Antidepressant-Like and Neuroprotective Effects of Ethanol Extract from the Root Bark of Hibiscus syriacus L.

Figure 6

Effects of HSR on corticosterone-induced proinflammatory cytokine expression. Total RNA was extracted from SK-N-SH cells, and the levels of (a) IL-1β, (b) IL-6, (c) IL-8, and (d) TNF-α mRNA were determined by qRT-PCR. Expression levels of the target genes were normalized to those of β-actin. Data are the mean ± SD (n = 3). p < 0.001 and p < 0.0001 vs. the normal group; p < 0.05, p < 0.001, and p < 0.0001 vs. the control group.

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