Cortical Bone Trajectory Screws in Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Maximal Muscle Sparing—A Prospective Comparative Study with the Traditional Open Technique

Table 1

Demographic characteristics of the groups.

Demographics	CBT-PLIF	PS-PLIF	value
Age (years)	45,75 (SD 9,63)	54 (SD 12,01)	0,0216
Gender	12/8	9/11	0,1612
Body mass index	27,32 (SD 4,85)	28,82 (4,58)	0,3210
DEXA -score	1,13 (SD 1,20)	1,115 (SD 1,13)	0,9677
Smoke	8/12	12/8	0,1151
Symptoms duration (months)	27 mo (SD 28)	16 mo (SD 9)	0,0938
Cage material (PEEK/tantalum)	4/16	3/17	1,0000
Surgical level (L3L4/L4L5/L5S1)	2/6/12	1/11/8
Pathology
LSS w foraminal stenosis	1	4
Isthmic spondylolisthesis	/	2
Degenerative spondylolisthesis	1	4
Recurrent disc herniation/discopathy	18	10