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| Author (year) [reference] | Study design | N(dropouts) Ca(cases) Co(controls) M(n), F(n) Mean Age | Class III Description | Skeletal maturation method/ stages | Ca (case group appliances) Co (control group appliances) | Treatment duration | Treatment Stopped |
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| Aglarci et al. (2016) [20] | CCT (prospective) | 59(9) Ca(25) Co(25) M(Ca 12, Co 12), F(Ca 13, Co 13) MA(Ca 11.75 ± 1.23 y, Co 11.21 ± 1.32 y) | ANB° < 0 or Wits < 1; anterior crossbite | HWM /prepubertal (Ca 12 MP3 =, 13 S; Co 16 MP3 = 7 S, 2 PP2 =) | Ca (BAMP + class III elastics with a force of 200g for each side) Co (FM applied by a bite plate with a force of 400g per side) | Ca 0.76 ± 0.09 y, Co 0.52 ± 0.09 y | Ovj > 2mm (FM); Ovj > 0 (BAMP) |
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| Cevidanes et al. (2010) [21] | CCT (prospective) | 55(-) Ca(21) Co(34) M(Ca 10, Co 14), F(Ca 11, Co 20) MA(Ca 11.10 ± 1.10 y, Co 8.3 ± 1.10 y) | Wits < -1; anterior crossbite or incisor end- to-end relationship; class III molar relationship | CVM / CS1- CS3 | Ca (BAMP + class III elastics with a force of 250g for each side) Co (RPE+FM with a force of 500g per side) | Ca 1y, Co 10m | Ovj > 0; II class molar relationship |
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| Ge et al. (2012) [22] | RCT | 49(6) Ca(25) Co(24) M(Ca 11, Co 12), F(Ca 14, Co 12) MA(Ca 10y4m, Co 10y6m) | ANB° < 0; Wits < -2; anterior crossbite | CVM / CS1- CS3 | Ca (MS+FM with a force of 250g for each side) Co (RPE+FM with a force of 500g per side) | Ca 11m, Co 1y1m | Ovj > 0 |
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| Hino et al. (2013) [23] | CCT (prospective) | 46(-) Ca(25) Co(21) M(Ca 12, Co 5), F(Ca 13, Co 16) MA(Ca 11.9 ± 1.8y, Co 8.1 ± 1.5y) | Wits < -1; anterior crossbite or incisor end- to-end relationship; class III molar relationship | CVM / CS1- CS3 | Ca (BAMP + class III elastics with a force of 250g for each side) Co (RPE+FM with a force of 800g per side) | Ca 1.2 ± 1y, Co 10.1 ± 2.2m | Ovj > 0; II class molar relationship |
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| Koh et al. (2014) [24] | CCT (retrospective) | 47(-) Ca(19) Co(28) M(Ca 8, Co 7), F(Ca 11, Co 21) MA(Ca 11.21y, Co 10.09y) | OVJ < -2 | CVM / CS3- CS4 | Ca (MP+FM with a force of 400-500g for each side) Co (RPE+FM) | - | - |
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| Lee et al. (2012) [25] | CCT (retrospective) | 20(-) Ca(10) Co(10) M(Ca 5, Co 4), F(Ca 5, Co 6) MA(Ca 11.2 ± 1.2y, Co 10.7 ± 1.3y) | SNA°< 80°; ANB°< -1; A to N perp < 0; anterior crossbite | CVM / CS2 - CS4 | Ca (MP+FM with a force of 400g for each side) Co (RPE+FM with a force of 400g per side) | Ca 1.0 ± 0.1y, Co 1.1 ± 0.1y | Ovj > 0; II class molar relationship |
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| Ngan et al. (2015) [26] | CCT (retrospective) | 60(-) G1(20) G2(20) G3(20) M(G1 8, G2 8), F(G1 12, G2 12) MA(G1 9.8 ± 1.6y, G2 9.6 ± 1.2y) | Wits < -3; ANB° < -2; anterior crossbite or incisor end- to-end relationship; class III molar relationship | - | G1 (RPE+FM with a force of 380g per side) G2(bone- borne hybrid hyrax RPE+FM with a force of 380g per side) G3 (untreated) | - | - |
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| Sar et al. (2011) [27] | CCT (prospective) | 45(-) G1(15) G2(15) G3(15) M(G1 10, G2 8, G3 7), F(G1 5, G2 7, G3 8) MA(G1 10.91y, G2 10.31y, G3 10.05y) | ANB°< 0; Nperp-A< 1; Wits < -2; anterior crossbite; class III molar relationship | HWM / PP2= -MP3 | G1 (RPE+MP+FM with a force of 400g per side) G2 (RME+FM with a force of 400g per side) G3 (untreated) | G1 0.56 ± 0.16y, G2 0.78 ± 0.26y | Ovj > 4mm |
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| Tripathi et al. (2016) [28] | CCT (retrospective) | 20(-) Ca(10) Co(10) M(Ca -, Co -), F(Ca -, Co -) MA(Ca 10.10 ± 1.1y, Co 9.90 ± 1.1y) | ANB° < 0; anterior crossbite or incisor end- to-end relationship | CVM / CS1- CS3 | Ca (RPE+MP+FM with a force of 400g per side) Co (RPE+FM with a force of 400g per side) | Ca 5.8m, Co 10m | Ovj > 4mm |
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