Research Article
Blood Lactate or Lactate Clearance: Which Is Robust to Predict the Neurological Outcomes after Cardiac Arrest? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Table 1
Characteristics of included clinical studies.
| | Studies | Year | Design | Country | Age (mean) | Sex, M/F | Location of CA | Percentage of initial shockable rhythm | No. | Outcome follow up | Hypothermia (%) | Measure from | Neurological outcomes
(G/P) | Lactate level on admission (G/P) (mmol/L) |
| | Mullner [12] | 1997 | Retrospective | Australia | 62 | 152/15 | OHCA | VF (100%) | 167 | 6 m | None | Arterial | 73/94 | - | | Kliegel [13] | 2004 | Retrospective | Australia | 58 | 282/112 | IHCA/OHCA | VF/VT (65.5%) | 394 | 6 m | None | Arterial | 186/208 | 7.77/9.33 | | Adrie [14] | 2006 | Prospective | France | 57 | 95/35 | OHCA | VT/VF (42%) | 130 | DC | 11 | None | 28/102 | 3.27/8.43 | | Shinozaki [15] | 2011 | Prospective | Japan | 68 | 63/35 | OHCA | VF/VT (14.3%) | 98 | 6 m | 20 | None | 10/88 | 7.61/11.84 | | Cho [16] | 2012 | Retrospective | Korea | 51.3 | 82/25 | OHCA | VF/VT (29.9%) | 117 | 1 m | 100 | None | 34/83 | 8.89/9.53 | | Lee [3] | 2013 | Retrospective | Korea | 51.7 | 48/28 | OHCA | VF (43.4%) | 76 | 1 m | 100 | Venous | 34/42 | 6.07/7.13 | | Maekawa [17] | 2013 | Prospective | Japan | 54 | 44/8 | OHCA | VF/VT (59.6%) | 52 | 3 m | 50 | Arterial | 8/44 | 12.70/16.97 | | Donnino [4] | 2014 | Prospective | USA | 63 | 60/40 | OHCA | VF/VT (55%) | 100 | DC | 97 | None | 30/16 | 4.23/6.80 | | Jensen [18] | 2014 | Prospective | Norway | 59.2 | 87/24 | OHCA | VF/VT (79.3%) | 111 | DC | 100 | None | 53/58 | 6.50/9.60 | | Kaji [19] | 2014 | Retrospective | USA | 65 | 98/86 | OHCA | VT/VF (35.9%) | 184 | DC | 63.2 | None | 43/141 | 3.47/6.57 | | Matsumoto [10] | 2014 | Prospective | Japan | 49.1 | 11/2 | OHCA | VF (100%) | 13 | 1 m | 100 | Arterial | 7/6 | 12.25/13.15 | | Mochizuki [20] | 2014 | Retrospective | Japan | 51 | 33/17 | OHCA | VF/VT (54%) | 50 | 1 m | 32 | None | 10/40 | 10.94/14.73 | | Oksanen [21] | 2014 | Retrospective | Finland | 58.6 | 89/20 | OHCA | VF (100%) | 109 | DC | 100 | None | 81/28 | 3.00/3.63 | | Lee [22] | 2015 | Retrospective | Korea | 57.7 | 295/148 | OHCA | VF (22.6%) | 443 | DC | 100 | None | 96/347 | 8.99/10.70 | | Nagata [23] | 2015 | Retrospective | Japan | 76.8 | 39/16 | OHCA | VT/VF (45.5%) | 55 | DC | 45.5 | None | 21/34 | 3.23/5.11 | | Ryu [24] | 2015 | Retrospective | Korea | 58 | 80/35 | IHCA/OHCA | VT/VF (42%) | 115 | DC | 8.0 | None | 68/47 | 7.87/12.27 | | Ono [25] | 2016 | Prospective | Japan | 70.5 | 180/135 | OHCA | VT/VF (24.1%) | 315 | 1 m | 30.2 | None | 51/264 | 5.37/9.27 | | Yannopoulos [26] | 2016 | Prospective | USA | 18-75 | 14/4 | OHCA | VF (100%) | 18 | 1 m | 100 | None | 9/9 | 9.90/14.60 | | Dell'Anna [27] | 2017 | Retrospective | Belgium | 63 | 155/81 | IHCA/OHCA | VT/VF (42%) | 236 | 3 m | 100 | Arterial | 74/162 | 3.17/5.73 | | Kim [28] | 2017 | Retrospective | Korea | 60.5 | 183/99 | IHCA/OHCA | VT/VF (35.5%) | 282 | DC | 100 | Arterial | 98/184 | 6.46/7.6 | | Momiyama [29] | 2017 | Retrospective | Japan | 73 | 236/136 | OHCA | VT/VF (89%) | 372 | DC | 100 | Arterial | 31/341 | 5.26/6.15 | | Orban [30] | 2017 | Retrospective | France | 65 | 192/80 | OHCA | VT/VF (44%) | 272 | DC | 100 | Arterial | 89/183 | 2.43/6.03 | | Shinozaki [31] | 2017 | Prospective | USA | 70.8 | 1772/973 | OHCA | VT/VF (42%) | 3011 | 3 m | None | None | 380/2365 | 7.03/11.70 |
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CA: cardiac arrest; DC: discharge from hospital; G: good neurological outcomes; IHCA: in hospital CA; N: no information; m: month; OHCA: out of hospital CA; P: poor neurological outcomes; VF: ventricular fibrillation; VT: ventricular tachycardia.
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