Serum Soluble Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 Overexpression Is a Disease Marker in Patients with First-Time Diagnosed Antinuclear Antibodies: A Prospective, Observational Pilot Study

Figure 1

Serum concentrations (ng/ml) of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1). Three patient groups (grey bars) are compared to age- and gender-matched healthy controls (white bars). Whiskers indicate the ± standard deviations. Patient groups consisted of the arthritis group () with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the collagen diseases (CD) group involving undifferentiated connective tissue diseases (), systemic sclerosis (), Sjögren’s syndrome (), Sharp syndrome (), systemic lupus erythematosus (), and polymyositis/dermatomyositis (). The third group () included other autoimmune diseases, for example, psoriatic arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and further diseases.