Psychiatric Comorbidities among People Who Inject Drugs in Hai Phong, Vietnam: The Need for Screening and Innovative Interventions

Table 2

Frequency of psychiatric disorders among PWID in Hai Phong, Vietnam, according to the MINI questionnaire (N=188).

	N ()
At least one psychiatric disorder^&	48 (25.5)
Number of psychiatric disorders (N=48)^&
1	29 (15.4)
2	10 (5.3)
3	5 (2.7)
4	0 (0)
5	3 (1.6)
6	1 (0.5)
Mood disorder^& (any)	27 (14.4)
Anxiety disorder^& (any)	28 (14.9)
	Current	Lifetime
Major depressive episode	23 (12.2)	9 (4.8)
Dysthymia	5 (2.7)
Suicidality
Suicide risk (any level)	36 (19.1)
Low risk	25 (13.3)
Moderate risk	5 (2.7)
High risk	6 (3.2)
(Hypo)manic episode	8 (4.3)	18 (9.6)
Panic disorder	4 (2.1)	11 (5.9)
Agoraphobia	10 (5.3)
Social phobia	3 (1.6)
Obsessive-compulsive disorder	4 (2.1)
Post-traumatic stress disorder	6 (3.2)
Generalized anxiety disorder	9 (4.8)
Psychotic disorder	13 (6.9)	19 (10.1)
Alcohol use disorder
Abuse	8 (4.3)
Dependence	3 (1.6)
Drug use disorder
Dependence	148 (78.7)
Heroin	145 (77.1)
Methamphetamine (“Ice”)	11 (5.9)
Other	3 (1.6)
Abuse	39 (20.1)
Heroin	10 (5.3)
Methamphetamine (“Ice”)	29 (15.4)
Other	3 (1.6)

Only current disorders.
Subjects can be dependent/abusers with several drugs at the same time.
Other amphetamines, cannabis, methadone.