Prevalence of Abnormal Glucose Regulation according to Different Diagnostic Criteria in Ischaemic Stroke without a History of Diabetes
Table 1
Baseline characteristics of patients in different states of glucose regulation.
Variables
Normal glucose regulation ()
()
Newly diagnosed diabetes‡ ()
value
Sex (men), (%)
171 (71.0)
304 (64.8)
314 (58.6)
0.003
Age, y, mean ± SD
58.3 ± 12.6
61.8 ± 12.8
64.2 ± 11.9
<0.001
NIHSS score at admission, median (IQR)
4 (2–7)
4 (2–8)
4 (2–8)
0.93
Body mass index, kg/m2, mean ± SD
24.6 ± 3.5
24.7 ± 3.9
25.1 ± 3.8
0.07
Triglyceride at admission, mmol/L, mean ± SD
1.6 ± 1.1
1.7 ± 1.0
1.9 ± 1.2
<0.001
LDL at admission, mmol/L, mean ± SD
2.9 ± 0.9
3.1 ± 1.6
3.2 ± 1.5
0.02
HDL at admission, mmol/L, mean ± SD
1.2 ± 0.3
1.2 ± 0.3
1.2 ± 0.4
0.20
History of hypertension, (%)
133 (55.2)
274 (58.2)
339 (62.9)
0.09
History of hyperlipidaemia, (%)
18 (7.5)
68 (14.4)
63 (11.7)
0.02
History of atrial fibrillation, (%)
9 (3.7)
37 (7.9)
25 (4.6)
0.03
History of coronary heart disease, (%)
23 (9.5)
61 (13.0)
70 (13.0)
0.35
Smoking, (%)
0.58
Current smoker
90 (37.3)
160 (34.0)
173 (32.1)
Ever smoker
19 (7.9)
49 (10.4)
54 (10.0)
Nonsmoker
132 (54.8)
262 (55.6)
312 (57.9)
Medicine use during hospitalization, (%)
Oral hypoglycaemic drugs
1 (0.6)
7 (2.1)
59 (14.3)
<0.001
Insulin
2 (0.8)
8 (1.7)
67 (12.4)
<0.001
Antihypertensive drugs
0 (0.0)
11 (2.3)
175 (32.5)
<0.001
Diuretics
5 (2.1)
13 (2.8)
11 (2.0)
0.72
B-blockers
6 (2.5)
21 (4.5)
21 (3.9)
0.43
Statin
107 (44.4)
253 (53.7)
277 (51.4)
0.06
Antiplatelet
155 (64.3)
304 (64.5)
332 (61.6)
0.58
Anticoagulation
12 (5.0)
27 (5.7)
36 (6.7)
0.62
Pulmonary infection, (%)
10 (4.2)
40 (8.5)
43 (8.0)
0.09
Urinary infection, (%)
11 (4.6)
22 (4.7)
17 (3.2)
0.42
TOAST subtypes, (%)
0.02
Cardioembolism
13 (5.4)
33 (7.0)
25 (4.6)
Large artery atherosclerosis
133 (55.2)
296 (62.9)
350 (64.9)
Small artery occlusion
73 (30.3)
122 (25.9)
140 (26.0)
Other/undetermined
10 (4.2)
7 (1.5)
5 (0.9)
Undefined
12 (5.0)
13 (2.8)
19 (3.5)
SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range; NIHSS, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; TOAST, trial of org 10172 in acute stroke treatment. Prediabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose level of 5.6–6.9 mmol/L or 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test level of 7.8–11.0 mmol/L or haemoglobin A1c level of 5.7–6.4%. ‡Newly diagnosed diabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L or 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test ≥ 11.1 mmol/L or haemoglobin A1c ≥ 6.5%.
