Prevalence of Abnormal Glucose Regulation according to Different Diagnostic Criteria in Ischaemic Stroke without a History of Diabetes

Table 2

Baseline characteristics of abnormal glucose regulation in patients according to different diagnostic criteria.

					Newly diagnosed diabetes^†
	Combined	FPG criteria	OGTT criteria	HbA1c criteria	Combined	FPG criteria	OGTT criteria	HbA1c criteria
Sex (men), (%)	304 (64.8)	172 (61.4)	252 (64.8)	253 (60.1)	314 (58.6)	75 (55.2)	203 (55.3)	229 (63.0)
Age, y, mean ± SD	61.8 ± 12.8	63.5 ± 12.0	63.2 ± 12.5	63.4 ± 12.8	64.2 ± 11.9	60.9 ± 11.8	64.6 ± 11.9	63.4 ± 11.7
NIHSS score at admission, median (IQR)	4 (2–8)	4 (2–8)	4 (2–9)	4 (2–8)	4 (2–8)	5 (2–8)	4 (2–8)	4 (2–7)
Body mass index, kg/m2, mean ± SD	24.7 ± 3.9	25.2 ± 4.0	24.9 ± 3.9	24.8 ± 3.7	25.1 ± 3.8	25.6 ± 4.0	25.3 ± 3.8	25.4 ± 4.0
Triglyceride at admission, mmol/L, mean ± SD	1.7 ± 1.0	1.8 ± 1.2	1.7 ± 0.9	1.7 ± 1.0	1.9 ± 1.2	2.1 ± 1.3	2.0 ± 1.3	2.0 ± 1.3
LDL at admission, mmol/L, mean ± SD	3.1 ± 1.6	3.2 ± 1.2	3.1 ± 1.4	3.2 ± 1.8	3.2 ± 1.5	3.1 ± 1.1	3.2 ± 1.6	3.2 ± 1.2
HDL at admission, mmol/L, mean ± SD	1.2 ± 0.3	1.2 ± 0.5	1.2 ± 0.4	1.2 ± 0.3	1.2 ± 0.4	1.1 ± 0.3	1.2 ± 0.3	1.2 ± 0.4
History of hypertension, (%)	274 (58.2)	181 (64.4)	241 (61.8)	248 (58.6)	339 (62.9)	90 (65.2)	234 (63.2)	223 (61.1)
History of hyperlipidaemia, (%)	68 (14.4)	42 (15.0)	61 (15.6)	57 (13.5)	63 (11.7)	16 (11.6)	39 (10.5)	50 (13.7)
History of atrial fibrillation, (%)	37 (7.9)	21 (7.5)	32 (8.2)	33 (7.8)	25 (4.6)	5 (7.0)	21 (5.7)	16 (4.4)
History of coronary heart disease, (%)	61 (13.0)	51 (18.2)	55 (14.1)	63 (14.9)	70 (13.0)	16 (11.6)	45 (12.2)	53 (14.5)
Smoking, (%)
Current smoker	160 (34.0)	88 (31.3)	122 (31.3)	137 (32.4)	173 (32.1)	47 (34.1)	118 (31.9)	124 (34.0)
Ever smoker	49 (10.4)	38 (13.5)	48 (12.3)	39 (9.2)	54 (10.0)	13 (9.4)	35 (9.5)	41 (11.2)
Nonsmoker	262 (55.6)	155 (55.2)	220 (56.4)	247 (58.4)	312 (57.9)	78 (56.5)	217 (58.7)	200 (54.8)
Medicine use during hospitalization, (%)
Oral hypoglycaemic drugs	7 (2.1)	18 (8.4)	16 (5.7)	9 (3.0)	59 (14.3)	24 (20.7)	44 (15.4)	54 (18.8)
Insulin	8 (1.7)	16 (5.7)	12 (3.1)	6 (1.4)	67 (12.4)	41 (29.7)	56 (15.1)	57 (15.6)
Antihypertensive drugs	11 (2.3)	56 (19.9)	30 (7.7)	32 (7.6)	175 (32.5)	70 (50.7)	141 (38.1)	146 (40.0)
Diuretics	13 (2.8)	9 (3.2)	10 (2.6)	8 (1.9)	11 (2.0)	3 (2.2)	8 (2.2)	8 (2.2)
B-blockers	21 (4.5)	14 (5.0)	23 (5.9)	22 (5.2)	21 (3.9)	3 (2.2)	15 (4.1)	13 (3.6)
Statin	253 (53.7)	145 (51.6)	216 (55.4)	232 (54.9)	277 (51.4)	69 (50.0)	193 (52.2)	196 (53.7)
Antiplatelet	304 (64.5)	179 (63.7)	255 (65.4)	264 (62.4)	332 (61.6)	79 (57.3)	236 (63.8)	229 (62.7)
Anticoagulation	27 (5.7)	23 (8.2)	32 (8.2)	22 (5.2)	36 (6.7)	3 (2.2)	20 (5.4)	25 (6.9)
Pulmonary infection, (%)	40 (8.5)	29 (10.3)	33 (8.5)	33 (7.8)	43 (8.0)	9 (6.5)	32 (8.7)	19 (5.2)
Urinary infection, (%)	22 (4.7)	7 (2.5)	17 (4.4)	22 (5.2)	17 (3.2)	6 (4.4)	11 (3.0)	9 (2.5)
TOAST subtypes, (%)
Cardioembolism	33 (7.0)	16 (5.7)	29 (7.4)	31 (7.3)	25 (4.6)	2 (1.5)	19 (5.1)	14 (3.8)
Large artery atherosclerosis	296 (62.9)	185 (65.8)	238 (61.0)	259 (61.2)	350 (64.9)	96 (69.6)	244 (66.0)	230 (63.0)
Small artery occlusion	122 (25.9)	72 (25.6)	106 (27.2)	114 (27.0)	140 (26.0)	34 (24.6)	96 (26.0)	101 (27.7)
Other/undetermined	7 (1.5)	1 (0.4)	5 (1.3)	6 (1.4)	5 (0.9)	3 (2.2)	1 (0.3)	5 (1.4)
Undefined	13 (2.8)	7 (2.5)	12 (3.1)	13 (3.1)	19 (3.5)	3 (2.2)	10 (2.7)	15 (4.1)

SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range; NIHSS, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein. Prediabetes: FPG criteria was defined as fasting plasma glucose level of 5.6–6.9 mmol/L, OGTT criteria was defined as 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test level of 7.8–11.0 mmol/L; HbA1c criteria was defined as haemoglobin A1c level of 5.7–6.4%; and combined criteria was defined as using FPG, OGTT, or HbA1c criteria combined. ^†Newly diagnosed diabetes: FPG criteria was defined as fasting plasma glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L; OGTT criteria was defined as 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test ≥ 11.1 mmol/L; HbA1c criteria was defined as haemoglobin A1c ≥ 6.5%; and combined criteria was defined as FPG, OGTT, or HbA1c criteria combined.