Clinical and Etiological Aspects of Gynecomastia in Adult Males: A Multicenter Study

Table 3

Causes of gynecomastia and hormonal profiles in 77 patients older than 40 years old (n = 79).

Causes	n	%	TT (ng/mL)	Prolactin (ng/mL)	TSH (uIU/mL)	LH (mIU/mL)	FSH (mIU/mL)	E2 (pg/mL)
Hypogonadism	16	20.3	2.3 ± 0.7	14.4 ± 10.4	2.4 ± 0.7	18.0 ± 15.2	27.4 ± 22.2	33.1 ± 16.4
Pharmaceutical drugs	15	19.0	4.5 ± 2.1	26.2 ± 37.4	1.7 ± 0.8	13.0 ± 13.5	20.6 ± 22.6	36.8 ± 13.5
Renal failure	3	3.8	3.4 ± 2.8	16.8 ± 10.7	2.5 ± 1.6	10.7 ± 9.0	17.0 ± 15.8	28.0 ± 7.0
Hyperprolactinemia	3	3.8	2.9 ± 0.6	104.8 ± 131.2	2.1 ± 0.6	4.9 ± 5.4	17.2 ± 26.6	15.5 ± 13.1
Liver chronic disease	2	2.5	4.9 ± 2.2	12.5 ± 5.4	1.6 ± 0.5	4.6 ± 0.4	6.3 ± 1.5	57.0 ± 29.7
Hyperthyroidism	2	2.5	3.3 ± 0.2	6.5 ± 2.1	0.01 ± 0.01	10.2 ± 1.7	7.9 ± 1.2	27.0 ± 2.8
Anabolic steroids	2	2.5	3.8 ± 0.1	8.8 ± 1.1	1.8 ± 0.2	4.2 ± 3.3	6.0 ± 0.9	29.1 ± 4.2
Adrenal carcinoma	1	1.3	2.4					78.1
Persistent puberty	1	1.3	2.3	2.8	0.9	1.2	3.8	20
Idiopathic	34	43.0	4.3 ± 1.0	11.8 ± 5.4	2.1 ± 1.6	5.1 ± 2.8	9.9 ± 8.3	26.8 ± 8.0