A Simplified Ultrasound Comet Tail Grading Scoring to Assess Pulmonary Congestion in Patients with Heart Failure

Table 5

Patients with ULC scores < 8 and ≥8.

Variables	ULC score
	<8 ()	≥8 ()
E/e′			<0.0001
SPAP, mmHg			<0.0001
GLS, %			0.14
LV ejection fraction, %			0.55
LVEDD, mm			0.46
, mL/m^2			0.57
, mL/m^2			0.66
TAPSE, mm			0.06
LV diastolic function grade			<0.05
Grade I	7 (19)	1 (2)
Grade II	18 (49)	26 (46)
Grade III	12 (32)	29 (52)
Mitral regurgitation			<0.001
Mild	27 (73)	19 (34)
Moderate	8 (22)	25 (45)
Severe	2 (5)	12 (21)
NYHA functional class			<0.001
II	20 (54)	11 (20)
III	15 (41)	33 (59)
IV	2 (5)	12 (21)
Age, y			<0.05
NT-proBNP, pg/ml			<0.0001
Radiologic score			<0.0001

are mean ± SD or number (%). SPAP: systolic pulmonary artery pressure; GLS: global longitudinal strain; LVEDD: left ventricle end-systolic diameter; LVEDV: left ventricle end-diastolic volume; LAV: left atrial volume; index: divided by body surface area; TAPSE: tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; NYHA: New York Heart Association.