Deregulation of Hexokinase II Is Associated with Glycolysis, Autophagy, and the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma under Hypoxia

Figure 3

Hypoxia induces autophagy and enhances the migration and invasion of TSCC cells. (a) The expressions of Beclin-1 and LC3 were confirmed by western blot. (b) The level of the LC3 protein was estimated as a ratio of LC3-II to LC3-I. (c–e) A transwell assay was performed to measure cell metastasis (c) and migration (d) and invasion (e) were both quantified. Images are presented at 100x magnification. (f) HIF-1α, E-cadherin, Vimentin, Snail, and Slug levels of cells from all three cell lines were evaluated by western blot. (g–i) Quantitative data for E-cadherin (g), Vimentin (h), and Snail (i) are shown as a ratio to the GAPDH level in TSCC cells. All values are shown as mean ± SD of triplicate experiments. , , and .

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