Understanding Deep Brain Stimulation: In Vivo Metabolic Consequences of the Electrode Insertional Effect

Figure 2

Changes in brain metabolic activity. Voxel based SPM results in T-maps overlaid on a T2 MR image, showing the changes in glucose metabolism due to electrodes insertion (a), stimulation (b), and both effects (c). The color bars in the right represent the T values corresponding to lower (blue) and higher (red) FDG uptake (p-value <0.005 (unc.); k= 50 voxels). Glucose metabolism: increase (hot colors); decrease (cold colors) [AHiPM/AL: amydalohippocampal area posteromedial/anterolateral part, Au: auditory cortex, Bstm: brainstem, Cb: cerebellum, CPu: caudate-putamen, HTh: hypothalamus, I: insular cortex, Ob: olfactory bulb, PAG: periaqueductal grey matter, Pir: piriform cortex, PMCo: posteromedial cortical amygdaloid nucleus, PtA: parietal association cortex, RMC: red nucleus, S1: primary somatosensory cortex, S2: secondary somatosensory cortex, and VCx: visual cortex].