|
| Potential risk factors | All patients | Uncomplicated procedures | Major | Minor complications | Periprocedural death | 30-day mortality |
| all procedures | complications |
|
| Number of patients (n, %) | 1915 (100%) | 1790 (93.5%) | 34 (1.8%) | 91 (4.8%) | 7 (0.4%) | 28 (1.5%) |
|
| Device-related risk factors |
|
| Number of active leads in system (mean, SD median, IQR) | 1.90 | 1.81 | 1.76 | 1.76 | 2.00 | 1.71 |
| ±0.64 | ±0.64 | ±0.61 | ±0.60 | ±0.82 | ±0.71 |
| 2- | 2- | 2- | 2- | 2- | 2- |
|
| Presence of defibrillation lead -ICD (VVI or DDD) (n, %) | 513 (26.80) | 496 (27.10) | 4 (11.80) | (14.30) | 2 (28.6) | 4 (14.3) |
|
| CRT-D system (n, %) | 106 (5.53) | 101 (5.64) | 1 (2.94) | 4 (4.40) | 1 (14.3) | 1 (3.57) |
|
| CRT-P system (n, %) | 54 (2.82) | 52 (2.91) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.20) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (3.57) |
|
| Lead/system implanted under age of 30 (n, %) | 173 (9.03%) | 149 (8.32%) | (23.5%) | (17.6%) | 0 (0.00%) | 1 3.57% |
|
Sum of dwell times of all leads in cardiovascular system (CVS) before TLE (years)
(mean, SD median, IQR) | 13.75 | 13.08 | | | | 19.24 |
| ±11.95 | ±11.15 | ±20.52 | ±12.31 | ±20.0 | ±16.57 |
| 10.33 | 9.92 | 30.00 | 15.67 | 29.17 | 13.50 |
| [5.17-18.50] | [5.00-18.00] | [20.00-38.17] | [9.42-27.08] | [9.25-41.25] | [7.33-28-00] |
|
| Intracardiac lead abrasion (ILA) (n, %) | 423 (22.10) | 473 (20.80) | 12 (35.30) | 38 (41.8) | 2 (28.6) | 0 (0.00) |
|
| Previous procedure-related risk factors |
|
| Number of CIED-related procedures before TLE (mean, SD median, IQR) | 1.92 | 1.89 | 3.29 | 2.27 | 3.57 | 2.54 |
| ±2.60 | ±2.62 | ±1.78 | ±1.24 | ±2.15 | ±1.60 |
| 2 - | 2- | 3 - | 2 - | 2 - | 2 - |
|
| Presence of abandoned lead(s) before TLE (n, %) | 280 (14.6) | 247 (13.80) | 13 (38.2) | 20 (22.0) | 3 (42.9) | 7 (25.0) |
|
| Number of abandoned leads per patient (mean, SD median, IQR) | 0.20 | 0.19 | 0.50 | 0.26 | 0.71 | 0.43 |
| ±0.55 | ±0.52 | ±0.86 | ±0.61 | ±1.25 | ±0.84 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| - | - | - | - | - | - |
|
| Leads on both sides of the chest (n, %) | 90 (4.70) | 79 (4.41) | 6 (17.6) | 5 (5.49) | 1 (14.3) | 2 (7.14) |
|
| Previous upgrade with lead abandonment (n, %) | 121 (6.32) | 105 (5.87) | 5 (14.7) | 11 (12.1) | 2 (28.6) | 6 (21.4) |
|
| Lead-related venous occlusion or severe stenosis (n, %) | 632 (33.00) | 586 (32.70) | 16 (47.1) | 30 (33.0) | 4 (57.1) | 9 (32.1) |
|
| Previous unsuccessful attempt of lead removal (n, %) | 44 (2.30) | 38 (2.12) | 2 (5.88) | 4 (4.40) | 1 (14.3) | 3 (10.7) |
|
| TLE procedure-related risk factors |
|
| Dwell time of the oldest extracted lead per patient (years) (mean, SD, median, IQR) | 7.61 | 7.31 | 16.35 | 10.38 | 16.35 | 14.73 |
| ±5.87 | ±5.59 | ±9.00 | ±6.54 | ±9.00 | ±10.85 |
| 7.61 | 6.00 | 15.25 | 9.42 | 13.33 | 9.25 |
| [3.25-10.42] | [3.16-10.08] | [10.17-20.42] | [5.50-14.25] | [8.33-19.33] | [4.83-14.58] |
|
| Average dwell time of leads extracted per patient (years) (mean, SD median, IQR) | 6.87 | 6.63 | 13.55 | 9.22 | 13.55 | 12.12 |
| ±4.98 | ±4.81 | ±6.75 | ±5.18 | ±6.75 | ±6.75 |
| 5.83 | 5.60 | 13.45 | 8.83 | 10.32 | 8.08 |
| [3.17-9.25] | [3.00-9.08] | [9.04-19.08] | [5.00-13.00] | [8.83-19.33] | [3.67-14,00] |
|
| Sum of dwell time of extracted leads in patient (years) (mean, SD median, IQR) | 12.02 | 11.44 | 29.59 | 16.76 | 33.29 | 30.37 |
| ±11.20 | ±10.55 | ±20.72 | ±12.40 | ±20.52 | ±20.0 |
| 8,50 | 8.17 | 27.25 | 13.00 | 27.25 | 13.50 |
| [4.08-16.50] | [4.00-15.83] | [16.42-36.33] | [7.00-24.83] | [9.25-29.17] | 97.33-27.25] |
|
| HV/ICD lead extraction (n, %) | 482 (25.2) | 467 (26.1) | 4 (11.8) | 11 (12.1) | 2 (28.6) | 4 (14.3) |
|
| Coronary sinus (CS) lead extraction (n, %) | 262 (13.7) | 248 (13.9) | 5 (14.7) | 9 (9.98) | 3 (42.9) | 5 (17.9) |
|
| Right atrial (RA) lead extraction (n, %) | 1128 (58.9) | 1048 (58.5) | 27 (79.4) | 53 (58.2) | 5 (71.4) | 18 (64.3) |
|
| Right ventricular (RV) lead extraction (n, %) | 1650 (86.2) | 1540 (86.0) | 28 (82.4) | 82 (90.1) | 5 (71.4) | 24 (85.7) |
|
| Extraction of leads implanted on both sides of the chest during the same TLE procedure (n, %) | 35 (1.83) | 27 (1.51) | 5 (14.7) | 3 (3.30) | 1 (14.3) | 1 (3.57) |
|
| Extraction of abandoned lead (n, %) | 237 (12.4) | 216 (12.1) | 10 (29.4) | 11 (12.1) | 0 (0.00) | 7 (25.0) |
|
| | 0.17 | 0.16 | 0.50 | 0.26 | 0.29 | 0.39 |
| Number of extracted abandoned leads per patient (mean, SD median, IQR) | ±0.50 | ±0.48 | ±0.86 | ±0.61 | ±0.76 | ±0.79 |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| - | - | - | - | - | - |
|
| Unipolar (UP) atrial (A) lead extraction (n, %) | 102 | 86
(4.80) | 7(20.6) | 9(9.89) | 7(100.0) | 0(0.00) |
|
| UP ventricular (V) (PM) lead extraction (n, %) | 184 | 161
(8.99) | 8(23.5) | 15(16.5) | 0(0.00) | 0(0.00) |
|
| UP A+V (PM) lead extraction (n, %) | 229 | 195
(10.9) | 15(44.1) | 19(20.9) | 15(44.1) | 0(0.00) |
|
| Extraction of UP leads above median age (n, %) | 137 | 106
(5.92) | 15(44.1) | 16(17.6) | 0(0.00) | 2(7.14) |
|
| Extraction of 4 and more leads during TLE procedure (n, %) | 81
(4.23) | 71
(4.00) | 5(14.7) | 5(5.50) | 1(14.3) | 1(3.57) |
|
| Any technical problems during TLE (n, %) | 294 (15.3) | 256 (14.3) | 13 (38.2) | 25 (27.5) | 3 (42.9) | 6 (21.4) |
|
