Efficacy and Safety of Different Maintenance Doses of Caffeine Citrate for Treatment of Apnea in Premature Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Summary of study and patient characteristics.

Study	Country	Year	Type	No.; (HD/LD)	Maintenance dose (mg/kg/d)	Outcome
Zhu YE [24]	China	2017	RCT	55/55	15 vs 5	(2)(4)(5)(6)(7)(9)
Zhang LP [25]	China	2017	RCT	50/50	20 vs 10	(4)
Xue Y [26]	China	2017	RCT	35/35	15 vs 5	(2)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)
Song JH [27]	China	2017	RCT	45/45	15 vs 5	(2)(6)
Xu SZ [16]	China	2016	RCT	36/36	20 vs 10	(3)(6)(7)(8)
Wu CY [28]	China	2016	RCT	39/39	20 vs 5	(2)(3)(4)
Zhao Y [17]	China	2016	RCT	82/82	15 vs 5	(2)(4)(5)(6)(7)(9)
Vesoulis [18]	America	2016	RCT	37/37	20 vs 10	(6)(7)(8)(9)
Chaudhari [23]	China	2016	RCT	30/30	20 vs 10	(1)(2)(3)(6)(7)(8)(9)
Mohammed [20]	Egypt	2015	RCT	60/60	20 vs 10	(1)(2)(6)(7)(8)(9)
Gray [19]	Australia	2011	RCT	120/126	20 vs 5	(6)(7)(8)(9)
Steer [21]	Australia	2004	RCT	113/121	20 vs 5	(1)(3)(6)(7)(8)(9)
Scanlon [22]	Britain	1992	RCT	14/16	12 vs 6	(2)(4)(6)

Note: HD: high maintenance dose, LD: low maintenance dose; (1) the extubation failure rate, (2) the frequency of apnea, (3) apnea duration, (4) the effective rate, (5) the success rate of removal of ventilator, (6) adverse effects, (7) bronchopulmonary dysplasia, (8) complications, and (9) hospital mortality.